LEC 3_Blood & Tissue Flagellates

• What are the general characteristics of Trypanosoma cruzi?

  It is a stercorarian trypanosome that can survive in bodies of water. It is passed out in feces, making infection contaminative. It is transmitted through blood transfusions, organ transplantation, and In lab accidents.
• What is the most active form of blood and tissue flagellates?

  Trypomastigote stage
• What are some manifestations of Trypanosoma cruzi infection?

  Asymptomatic or fever, anorexia, lymphadenopathy, mild hepatosplenomegaly, myocarditis, Romaña's sign, nodular lesions or furuncles at the site of inoculation, cardiomyopathy, and weight loss.
• What is the mode of infection of Trypanosoma brucei?

  Tsetse fly bite
• What is the intermediate host of Trypanosoma cruzi?

  Triatomine, Reduviid, or Kissing bug
• What is the infected form to man of Trypanosoma cruzi?

  Metacyclic trypomastigotes
• What is the infected form to bug of Trypanosoma cruzi?

  Typical trypomastigotes
• What is the mode of infection of Trypanosoma cruzi?

  Skin infection
• What are the different stages of development in Trypanosoma brucei gambiense and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense?

  Both have the same stages of development. There are no amastigote or promastigote stages. The stages include epimastigote in the salivary glands of the tsetse fly and trypomastigote in the proboscis of the tsetse fly, which is the transfer stage to humans.
• Who discovered Trypanosoma cruzi?

  Carlos Chagas (1909)
• What are the different manifestations of Leishmaniasis?

  It can manifest as mucocutaneous leishmaniasis with lesions in the mucocutaneous junction, visceral leishmaniasis with symptoms such as fever and enlarged spleen and liver, and cutaneous leishmaniasis with raised edge lesions and swollen glands near the sore.