science

• Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space.
• The Mass of an object is a measure of the amount of matter the object has
• Volume - is the measure of the space occupied by an object.
• An atom is the smallest particle of an element.
• A molecule is a particle consisting of two or more atoms combined in a specific arrangement.
• Democritus believed that any piece of matter can be divided and subdivided into very small particles.
• atomos, a Greek word which means indivisible particle.
• One angstrom is a unit of length equal to one ten-millionth of a millimeter.
• Pointillism is a method of painting that uses tiny particles to come up with various effects.
• Molecules consists of two or more atoms.
• Ions - the smallest particle of atom
• Two Major Divisions of Matter:

  1. Substances
  2. Mixtures
• Atom is the basic unit of matter
• Extensive properties vary with the amount of the substance and include mass, weight, and volume.
• Intensive properties, do not depend on the amount of the substance: they include color, melting point, boiling point, electrical conductivity, and physical state at a given temperature.
• Physical properties is a characteristics of a substance that can be measured or observed without changing the identity of the substance.
• Chemical properties describe the ability of a substance to undergo a specific chemical change.
• Three main states of matter:

  • solid
• The three main states of matter:

  • Solid
  • Liquid
  • Gas
• Properties that can be observed by the five human senses, aided or unaided, are said to be MACROSCOPIC.
• Those that are too small to be seen even with the aid of the very best of microscopes are said to be MICROSCOPIC.
• Models are drawings or diagrams that are representations of what is happening at a level beyond what your eyes can see.
• In GASES, the particles move at random directions very quickly and travel in straight lines
• Gases take the shape of the container because the particles are able to move freely to all parts of the container.
• In LIQUIDS, the particles are closer to one another, nudging one another as they move.
• SOLIDS have definite shapes and volumes because the particles are packed closely together in fixed positions. The particles cannot move around.