Control of Blood Glucose

• Blood glucose concentration is controlled and monitored by the pancreas
• If the blood glucose concentration is too high?

  The pancreas releases more insulin - Insulin causes glucose to move from the blood into the cells - In liver and muscle cells, excess glucose is converted into glycogen for storage
• If the blood glucose concentration is too low?

  The pancreas releases glucagon - Glucagon stimulates glycogen to be converted into glucose and released into the blood
• Enzymes from glands (e.g. the salivary gland) pass into tubes called ducts
• Endocrine glands are sometimes called ductless glands, because the hormones pass into the blood
• Type 1 diabetes is a disorder that is caused by the pancreas failing to produce sufficient insulin
• Type 1 diabetes results in uncontrolled high blood glucose levels
• Type 1 diabetes is normally treated with insulin injections and controlling the amount of carbohydrates the patient eats
• Type 2 diabetes is a disorder that is caused by the body cells no longer responding to insulin
• Type 2 diabetes has obesity as a risk factor
• Type 2 diabetes can be treated with a carbohydrate-controlled diet and regular exercise
• Glycogen is a carbohydrate that can be stored for later use
• Diabetes is a condition where blood glucose levels stay high after eating
• Identify the healthy person and person with diabetes by labelling the lines on the graph below

  A) Healthy Person

  B) Diabetes patient

  
• People who are overweight are at greater risk of developing Type 2 diabetes
• Negative feedback is an important mechanism in homeostasis
• Negative feedback reduces the level of something if it rises
• Negative feedback increases the level of something if it falls
• The effect of insulin and glucose on blood glucose concentration is an example of negative feedback

  
• What number shows where the Pancreas is in the body (Hint - the pancreas is situated in the abdomen)?

  5

  
• Answer the question below?

  Protein