Junior Cycle History

• plagiarism


  passing of someone else's work or ideas as your own, without citing them
• cite


  to refer to evidence you have gathered or read
• reinterpretation


  to see something in a new or different light, often due to new information
• chronology (2 facts)


  putting events into the order in which they occurred, using dates
• tactile source


  a sources that can be touched; a physical item or object
• propaganda


  information designed to influence the attitudes of the general public. it is generally biased, often appeals to the emotions and may even be made up
• bias


  when an account is not balanced, but unfairly favours one side. this can be deliberate, or unconscious
• accuracy


  judging how accurate the information you are using is
• handling box


  contains replicas of artefacts, so that anyone can examine them without damaging an original
• census


  an official survey of a population
• biography


  an account of a person's life written by someone else
• autobiography


  an account of a person's life written by the person themselves
• artefact


  any human made object; e.g. pottery, a tool or weapon such as a spear
• secondary source


  a source from a later date; from after the time of the event; by someone who wasn't present for the event
• primary source


  a source for the time of the event; a first-hand account of an event
• museum

  a place that collects and displays objects for public education and appreciation
• archive

  place that catalogues and stores a collection of sources
• cross-checking


  when more that one source is used to make sure the information is correct
• archaeologist


  someone who investigates objects left by people in the past, including the time before records were written
• historian


  someone who is an expert in, or student of, history
• historical consciousness


  being able to place ourselves in past human experience; linking the past, present and future
• archaeology

  study of remains left by people in the past
• prehistory


  the past before the use of writing
• source


  anything giving us information about a person, place or thing in the past
• history


  study of the past, particularly w humans
• penal laws


  laws that suppressed the status of catholics in ireland - 1605
• loyal irish


  native Irish who had stayed loyal to the English during the Nine Years War
• servitors

  english or Scottish soldiers who had fought for the crown
• flight of the earls


  when O'Neill and the other Ulster chiefs fled to Europe - 1607
• umdertakers

  men who undertook (agreed) to do with as they were told with the land given to them
• presidents


  men who imposed english law, english language and the protestant religion
• adventurers


  men who claimed to be descendants of the early Normans granted land in Munster by Henry II
• planters


  the new settlers during a plantation
• succession


  when land was passed from father to son in the english system
• surrender and regrant


  the old english and Gaelic Irish rulers were to surrender themselves and their lands to Henry VIII, who would grant their land back to them with an english title
• gaelic irish


  gaelic chieftains who followed irish laws, known as brehon laws
• old english


  people in the pale who were loyal to the king
• brehon laws

  gaelic irish laws daring as far back as the iron age
• anglo-irish

  descendants of the anglo-normans, who had invaded ireland in the 12th century
• the plantations

  Irish lands confiscated by the king could be sold or rented to loyal english settlers