Survival

• Winter survival considerations:

  1. shelter from cold winds using raft or a trench or an igloo
  2. 3 fires in a triangle = distress signal
  3. scatter bright items (constantly remove snow)
  4. don't eat snow - melt ice and drink
• Winter medical conditions:

  1. exposure = provide heat
  2. frostbite = warm that body part
  3. snow blindness = rest eyes in darkness
• Jungle survival considerations:

  1. rivers are roads
  2. most animals are timid
  3. stay in vicinity of aircraft, put ELT as high as possible, light smokey fires, scatter bright items
  4. if leaving camp - blaze a trail (leave markers)
  5. avoid bright coloured food, don't eat anything with milky sap, avoid fungi
  6. buddy system for leeches and ticks => apply tobacco juice, heat, salt or wood ash and they should drop off
• Survival on land considerations:

  1. if safe, reenter the aircraft to get useful items
  2. use raft as shelter
  3. tend to injured
  4. ration food and water
  5. keep of log: diary of events, list of survivors, first aid given
  6. 24 hour watch - no more than 4 hours in a go
  7. never allow people to wander off (3 people minimum)
• Ground to air signals:

  V =require assistance

  X = medical assistance

  N = no

  Y = yes

  arrow = this way

  at least 2.5 m long
• acknowledgement of ground to air signals

  day = plane with rock wings

  night = flash lights x 2
• Will to survive:

  1. maintain a positive mental attitude
  2. keep occupied
  3. push negative thoughts away
  4. conserve energy
• Principles of survival:

  "penguins like wet fish"

  1. Protection
  2. Location
  3. Water
  4. Food
• Raft equipment:

  • emergency lights- will stop once severed from aircraft
  • mooring line
  • lifeline, handle and steps
  • canopy - orange, align numbers with mast
  • knife to cute mooring line
  • sea anchor - slows drift
  • heaving line - thrown to survivors
• Survival kit/ emergency pack

  • hand pump
  • hole plug
  • repair clamps
  • sponge
  • bailing bucket
  • pen knife
  • drinking water bag
  • water desalination tablets
  • water purification tablets
  • glucose tablets and sweets
• Location/ signalling equipment:

  • sea dye marker -only in daylight and clear conditions
  • torch and batteries - 13km
  • mirror
  • whistle - 6 short blasts, 1 min, 6 short blasts
  • day/ night flare
  • parachute flare
  • mini flare
  • ELT
  • SSK
  • Loud hailers
• Children wearing adult lifejackets:

  if time: take to galley

  inflate

  deflate 2/3

  fold up bottom and wrap around waist

  manually inflate once out of aircraft