PEH 2 Midterms

• Physical Education is an integral part of the educational program designed to promote the optimum development of an individual physically, mentally, emotionally, and socially through total body measurements in the performance of physical education activities
• Fitness components include cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility, body composition, strength, balance, coordination, power, reaction time, and speed
• Cardiovascular endurance is the ability of the heart and lungs to provide oxygen and fuel during sustained workloads
• Muscular strength is the amount of force a muscle can produce
• Muscular endurance is the ability of muscles to perform continuously without fatiguing
• Flexibility is the ability of each joint to move through the available range of motion
• Body composition compares fat mass to lean muscle mass, bone, and organs
• Strength is the force a muscle can exert against resistance
• Balance is the ability to maintain the body's center of mass above the base of support
• Coordination is the ability to use two or more body parts together
• Power is the ability to perform strength performances quickly
• Reaction time is the time taken to respond to a stimulus
• Speed is the ability to put body parts into motion quickly
• Exercise safety advice includes obtaining information from a doctor, sports medicine doctor, physiotherapist, or exercise physiologist
• Guidelines for exercise safety include pre-exercise screening, considering technique and individual condition, being guided by a qualified fitness instructor, and avoiding exercises that cause pain or discomfort
• Injuries are damages to tissues or organs caused by trauma or physical force
• Factors influencing tissue or organ ability include inherent factors, abnormality, age, technique, fitness level, equipment, and environmental aspects
• Forces applied to musculoskeletal structures include compressive forces, tensile forces, and shear forces
• Factors increasing the risk of injury are non-modifiable (age, gender), modifiable (tournament rules, apparel), intrinsic (individual factors), and extrinsic (environmental factors)
• Common causes of acute and overuse injuries include sprains, strains, fractures, dislocations, and concussions
• Strategies to minimize injury occurrence include adopting a comprehensive training program, using protective equipment, incorporating recovery strategies, and following rules during competition
• To minimize the possibility of getting injured, individuals should wear proper attire, use proper technique, follow gym etiquette, consider environmental conditions, and allow for adequate recovery
• Individual sports are played by one participant on each side, fostering discipline, self-confidence, focus, and passion
• Dual sports are played by two competing pairs
• Team sports are played by three or more players, depending on the collective effort of all players for success
• Technical skills in sports include basic skills needed to play the game, while tactical skills involve decision-making strategies during the game
• Planning a practice game involves preparation, training proper, and cool down and assessment
• Choosing a sport involves considering weather conditions, enjoyment, previous activities, financial capacity, health and fitness level, and alternative activities for motivation
• Health-related physical fitness includes aerobic capacity, muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility, and body composition
• Skill-related physical fitness, also known as sports fitness or motor fitness, can be developed and improved through training
• Safety measures to avoid unnecessary injuries in sports include using safety equipment, staying hydrated, performing moderate-intensity physical activity, and considering weather conditions
• Catastrophic theory suggests that an athlete's performance increases up to an optimum point with arousal levels, beyond which performance can sharply drop
• Badminton skills include forehand grips, backhand grips, footwork techniques, shot categories, service types, and service trajectories
• Field tests are used for assessing physical fitness levels