Classification, organisation and features of organisms

• What is used to classify organisms?


  The features that they share.
• What is the binomial system?


  An internationally agreed system in which the scientific name of an organism is made up of 2 parts showing the genus and species
• What are the four features of a species name using the binomial system?

  Genus always has a capital letter

  Species has a small letter

  It is written in italics

  They are Latin
• What is a species?

  A group of organisms that can reproduce to produce fertile offspring
• What is the binomial sstem based on?


  Anatomy and Morphology
• What does the other classification system use?

  It looks and uses DNA
• How does classification using DNA work?

  By comparing the DNA sequences of different organisms and of animo acids in proteins, scientists can determine their evolutionary relationships and classify them into different groups.
• What ar ethe seven stages of classification?

  Kingdom,phylum,class,order,family,genus,species
• What are the 5 kingdoms?

  Kingdom Animalia

  Kingdom Plantae

  Kingdom Protoctista

  Kingdom Fungi

  Kingdom Prokaryote
• What are the 5 characteristics of prokaryotes?NNCCS


  Single Celled

  Circular chromosomes

  Cells

  No nucleus

  No membrane bound organelles (i.e Mitochondria and chloroplasts)
• What are the 4 characteristics of protoctists?

  Most unicellular, some multicellular

  Heterotrophic or autotrophic

  Most live in water

  Eukaryotic
• Name 2 examples of protoctists

  Kelp, plankton, slime mold, protozoa
• What are the 5 characteristics of Fungi's

  They are multicellular

  They have hyphae

  They are saprotrophic/ parasitic nutrition

  Cell walls

  No chloroplasts
• What are the 4 characteristics of plants

  Multicellular

  Nucleus

  Chloroplasts

  Cellulose cell walls
• What are the two types of plants?

  Non flowering

  Flowering
• How do non flowering plants reproduce

  Via spores
• What are the leaves of non flowering plants called?

  Fronds
• How do flowering plants reproduce?

  Via flowers and seeds
• Where are seeds produced

  In the ovary
• What are the 2 types of flowering plants?

  Dicotyledons

  Monocotyledons
• What is a cotyledon?

  Part of the embryo of a flowering plant, and is used as a food store for the embryo
• What are the 5 characteristics of monocotyledons?(pots fs)

  One cotyledon

  Fibrous roots

  Scattered vascular bundles

  Parallel veins

  Flowers petals are in multiples of 3
• What are the 5 characteristics of dicotyledons(brftt)

  2 cotyledons

  Tap roots

  Ringed vascular bundles

  Branching veins

  Flowers have 4 or 5 petals
• What are the 5 characteristics of animals

  Multicellular

  No chloroplasts

  No cell wall

  Heterotrophic

  Have a nucleus/Eukaryotic
• What are the two phylums under Kingdom animalia?

  Chordata(vertebrates) - backbones

  Arthropods - no backbones
• Whats the largest phylum?

  Arthropoda
• What classes are under phylum chordata? (MR FAB)

  Class Mammalia

  Class Reptilia

  Class fish

  Class Amphibia

  Class Birds(aves)
• What are 5 features of mammals?

  Phylum chordata :

  Fur/ hair

  External ears

  Mammary glands

  Internal fertilisation and development

  Lungs for breathing
• Name 2 examples of a mammal

  Leopard, whale
• What are the 4 features of reptiles?

  Dry scaly skin

  Lay soft leathery eggs

  Breathe using lungs

  Internal Fertilisation
• Name examples of reptiles

  Crocodile, Lizards
• What are the 6 features of Fish?

  Phylum chordata

  Scales

  Use gills to breathe

  Have fins

  Live in water (except mudskipper)

  Streamlined shape

  Lay eggs
• Name 2 examples of fish

  Tuna
• Name 5 characteristics of Amphibians

  Smooth,moist skin

  Lay eggs in water

  Can live on land and water

  External fertilisation and development

  Breathe through gills
• Examples of amphibians

  Frogs,salamanders
• What are the characteristics of birds?

  Feathers

  Wings(modified front legs)

  Scales on feet and faces

  Have beaks

  Lay hard shelled eggs

  Internal fertilisation
• Examples of birds


  Sparrow, mockingbird
• What are the 3 characteristics of all arthropods?

  Jointed legs

  Hard exoskeleton

  Segmented body
• What are the 4 classes in kingdom Arthropoda(CAMI)?

  Crustaeceans, Arachnids, Myriapods, Insects
• What are the features of crustaceans?

  2 body segments

  4+ pairs of legs

  Use gills to breathe

  Two pairs of antaennae

  Compound eyes