cold war

• Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev made a speech at the UN General Assembly denouncing US imperialism and calling for peaceful coexistence between nations.
• Kennedy's New Frontier program aimed to improve education, healthcare, housing, and job opportunities through government action.
• The Berlin Wall was built to prevent East Germans from escaping to West Germany, symbolizing the division between communist and capitalist countries during the Cold War.
• The Bay of Pigs invasion was an unsuccessful attempt by Cuban exiles with CIA support to overthrow Fidel Castro's communist regime in Cuba.
• In 1962, the Cuban Missile Crisis occurred when Soviet missiles were discovered on Cuba, leading to a tense standoff with the United States that could have resulted in nuclear war.
• In response to the failed invasion, Kennedy imposed a naval blockade on Cuba, leading to the construction of missile sites by Soviet forces.
• In 1962, Cuba became a socialist state under Fidel Castro, leading to tensions with the United States due to its proximity to Florida.
• During the Cuban Missile Crisis, President John F. Kennedy ordered a naval blockade around Cuba to stop further shipments of weapons, while Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev agreed to remove the missiles if the US promised not to invade Cuba and removed its own missiles from Turkey.
• the yalta conference was in february 1945 and they agreed to split up germany into four zones, set up united nations and stalin agreed to free elections in eastern europe. they didnt agree on polands borders
• the yalta conference was with stalin, churchill and roosevelt
• the tehran conference was in 1943 and they agreed usa and uk to open a second front, stalin would declare war on japan, only accept unconditional surrender of germany and general agreement on a united nations
• the tehran conference was with churchill, stalin and roosevelt
• the potsdam conference was in july 1945 and they agreed to split germany and berlin into four zones. they didnt agree polands borders and how how much reparations germany should pay
• the potsdam conference was with attlee, stalin and truman
• the long telegram was on 22 february 1946 and was sent from the ussr to usa snt by george kennan and saying how the american way of life was destroyed
• the novikov telegram was sent on 27 september 1946 from usa to ussr sent by nikolai novikov saying they dont want to work with the ussr and want to take over other countries
• the iron curtain speech was given by winston churchill on 5 march 1946 at westminster college in fulton missouri where he said that an iron curtain had descended across europe
• the cominform was set up on 28 september 1947 as a communist organisation which aimed to spread communism through propaganda and military force
• the marshall plan was announced on 5th june 1947 by secretary of state george c marshall and offered economic aid to western european countries who were struggling financially
• the berlin blockade started on 24th june 1948 when the soviet union blocked all land routes into berlin so no supplies could get through
• churchills iron curtain speech was an iron curtain dividing europe
• the truman doctrine was announced on 12th march 1947 by president harry s truman stating that america would support any country threatened by communism
• the truman doctrine was containment trying to stop the spread of communism
• the marshall plan lead to cominform and comecon
• the north atlantic treaty organisation (nato) was formed in april 1949 with britain, france, belgium, luxembourg, denmark, iceland, norway, canada and the usa signing the agreement
• cominform was set up in september 1947 as a response to the marshall plan, it was made up of eastern european states and aimed to coordinate their policies against american influence
• comecon was set up in january 1949 as a response to the marshall plan, it was made up of eastern european states and aimed to coordinate trade between them
• the nato alliance was created as a response to the formation of the warsaw pact
• the cuban missile crisis happened from october 16th - november 20th 1962 where khrushchev placed nuclear weapons in cuba which caused the usa to put pressure on him to remove them
• the warsaw pact was signed in may 1955 between the eastern bloc countries including poland, czechoslovakia, hungary, bulgaria, romania, east germany and albania
• marshall plan was created help contaain communism
• cominform allowed stalin to control and influence all the satilite countries to ensure they stay communist
• berlin wall was built in august 1961 to prevent people escaping west berlin into east berlin
• there was a new currency seperate from the east which enraged stalin which caused him to create the berlin blockade
• due to the berlin blockade the allies lunched operation vittles/ berlin airlift
• operation vittles lasted 327 days and delivered over 2 million tonnes of supplies to berlin
• stalin lifted the blockade on june 1948 due to the success of the operation vittles
• the creation of the h bomb and a bomb increased tension
• the consequences of the cuban missile treaty were the hot lin3, test ban treaty and the outer space treaty
• the creation of the hotline meant that there could be a direct communicaations line between moscow and washington