Elizabethan England

• In 1569, Mary Queen of Scots attempted to overthrow Elizabeth and restore Catholicism to England.
• Elizabeth had to deal with the threat posed by Mary while also maintaining her own position on the throne.
• The Northern Rebellion was led by the Earl of Northumberland and aimed to replace Elizabeth with Mary as queen.
• Mary was imprisoned at various locations throughout England until she was eventually executed in 1587.
• The Spanish Armada was sent to invade England in 1588 but failed due to bad weather and English naval superiority.
• England's victory against Spain boosted national pride and helped establish England as an important European power.
• During this time, Elizabeth faced pressure from Catholics both at home and abroad who saw Mary as their rightful ruler.
• After the failure of the Northern Rebellion, Mary fled to France where she remained until 1584.
• During this time, there were several attempts made to rescue or free Mary from prison.
• Drake's circumnavigation of the world in 1577-1580 demonstrated England's growing maritime strength.
• Catholics believed that Mary was the true heir to the throne and plotted against Elizabeth.