carbon cycle

• geosphere is rocks
• all rods, minerals, and soil on the earth surface, ocean basins and earths interior.
• objects in the geosphere include rocks, granite, sandstone, gold, silver, clay, sand, gravel, amethyst, diamond, ruby, quartz, fossil fuels, and pebbles
• the biosphere includes all living organisms and their interactions with one another and non-living components of the environment
• hydrosphere, keyword water
• all water on earth any phase solid liquid or gas is in the hydrosphere
• objects in the hydrosphere, include the ocean, water vapor, clouds, ice, rain, snow, glacier fog, rivers, and lakes
• atmosphere keyword air
• blanket of gases around the Earth, extending to space
• objects in this sphere include oxygen, carbon dioxide CO2, CH4 ozone, nitrogen gas
• biosphere, keyword life
• any living things on earth all sizes all habitats
• objects in this sphere include human wolf, bacteria, cat bunny, rose, tulip, ferret chick, pig
• Systems are defined by how matter and energy can move within and in/out of that system
• A closed system is when matter does not enter or leave it is a fixed system, it is also when some energy is able to leave and enter
• an open system is when matter can enter and leave it is not fixed, open system is also with energy is able to enter and leave freely
• Energy from the sun is absorbed by the earths atmosphere, and surfaces during the day. At night some of earths energy is released to space as heat.
• matter, all of the matter on earth that exist today existed when the Earth originally for. Metal changes form, but the total amount of matter on earth stays the same.
• is the close system matter does not enter or leave energy can enter or leave but only small amounts
• feedback, loops, observe, cause an effect within a system and pinpoint the direction of result either positive or negative
• positive/negative feedback loops are not defined by the quality of the outcome. For example, positive does not equal good result negative does not equal a bad result.
• positive feedback loops are a chain reaction of a event that lead system to the extreme. the actions in the system accelerate together to their maximum or minimum.
• negative feedback loops are chain reactions of events that lead system to be stable. The actions in the system offset each other to keep things balanced.
• carbon is the fourth most abundant element. Carbon can easily bond with other elements. Carbon is the chemical backbone of life on earth. Carbon compounds regulate the earths temperature, make up the food that sustain us, and provide energy that fuels our global economy.
• carbon can be found in all four of earths spheres, the geosphere, soils and rocks, the hydrosphere oceans, the biosphere, DNA and all life on earth and atmosphere all the gases that are in earths atmosphere
• carbon goes through specific transfers to get from spirit of sphere. Remember, the earth does not gain or lose carbon overtime. Since it’s a closed system, all carbon exists, and slowly being transferred from sphere sphere around us the following processes describe those movements.
• respiration the release of CO2 to the atmosphere, through breathing by humans, plants, animals, and most bacteria. This is how all living things get usable energy.
• decompensation the breakdown of dead plant and animals this process uses oxygen while releasing some CO2 to the atmosphere as well as to the soil
• because of your formation, over millions of years, heat and pressure of once living materials (plants and animals) underground can become carbon, rich, fossil fuel, such as coal oil and natural gases
• deforestation the purposeful, cutting down of forested areas in the burning of trees releases CO2
• combustion the burning of fossil fuels releases, stored CO2 fossil fuels are coal oil, gas, propane, and natural gas. These fuels are used in most vehicles for transportation (cars, airplanes, trains) as well as many industrial factories
• Diffusion gases, containing carbon move from the ocean surface to the atmosphere and back depending on surrounding concentration levels. For example, if there is a higher concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere carbon will diffuse into the oceans (low concentration). This can work both ways, depending on carbon levels.
• photosynthesis plants, absorb (take in) CO2 from the atmosphere along with sunlight. Convert CO2 in glucose(sugars C6H12O6) for food
• consumption, humans and animals cannot breathe in carbon from the atmosphere. Our carbon is stained through eating fruits, veggies, or meat. This carbon is necessary to sustain life.
• calcification in the shallow ocean, marine animals absorb carbon from the surrounding water, using it to create their shells
• carbon is always moving from sphere to, through all of the carbon processes. The amount of carbon stored in each sphere has fluctuated throughout history.