body systyems and responses

• The nervous system is responsible for controlling all bodily functions.
• The CNS is the central nervous system, which is made up of the brain and spinal cord.
• The CNS is sometimes called the co-ordinator because it makes sense of messages between sense organs.
• The PNS, consists of bundles of neurons that relay. messages between sense organs and the CNS muscels and glands. It is found throughout the body.
• Two functions of the nervous system?


  Controls actions and senses the environment
• Nervous tissue has two types of cells - Neurones (nerve cells) and neuroglia (supporting cells).
• A cell body is where the nucleus is located.
• Dendrite's branches receive messages.


  An axon is a thread like structure that carries impulses to other neurons,
• A Myelin Shealth is a fatty layer that insults around an Axon and sometimes a Dendrite.
• Neurotransmitters are chemicals released by neurones at synapses that carry signals from one neurone to another or from a neurone to a muscle fibre or glandular cell.
• Sensory neurones transmit information from receptors to the central nervous system.
• The Peripheral Nervous System consists of nerves outside the CNS.
• The Central Nervous System consists of the brain and spinal cord.
• Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter involved in many processes including muscle contraction and transmission of sensory information.
• Synapses are gaps between nerve cells across which chemical messengers pass from one neurone to another.
• Motor neurones transmit information from the CNS to effectors such as muscles and glands.
• Interneurones connect sensory and motor neurones within the brain and spinal cord.
• The Central Nervous System consists of the Brain and Spinal Cord.
• Motor Neurones transmit information from the brain and spinal cord to muscles and glands.
• Reflex actions occur when stimuli trigger rapid automatic reactions without conscious thought.
• Interneurones connect sensory neurones with motor neurones within the CNS.
• The Autonomic Nervous System controls involuntary actions such as heart rate, breathing, digestion etc.
• Reflex arcs allow rapid response without conscious thought.
• Nerve impulses travel along axons, which can be myelinated (sheathed with fatty insulating material) or unmyelinated.
• The Somatic Nervous System controls voluntary movements.

  
• fill in the black labels

  A) Myelin Shealth

  B) cell body

  C) dendrite

  D) neurontrnasmitters

  E) nucleus

  F) synapse gap

  G) axon

  
• Sensory Neurones carry information from receptors to the central nervous system.
• Motor Neurones carry signals from the brain/spinal cord to effectors (muscles).
• Interneurones are found only in the CNS and relay messages between sensory and motor neurones.
• Name all three types of neurons

  A) motorneurons

  B) Sensory neurons

  C) interneuron

  
• Annote the role of each type of neuron.

  A) Sensoryneuron

  B) interneuron

  C) motorneuron

  
• Reflexes can be classified as either spinal or cranial depending on their location within the nervous system.
• Identify where sensory neurons are that detect.

  1. touch/ skin
  2. sights/ back of the eye
  3. smells/ nose
  4. sounds/ ears
  5. tastes/ mouth
• what is the role of the myelin shealth?

  allows electrical impulses to transmit quickly and efficiently along the nerve cells.
• how many neurons does the brain have?

  86 billion neurons
• fill in the missing labels

  A) frontal lobe

  B) pariental lobe

  C) occipital lobe

  D) cerebellum

  E) brain stem

  F) temporal lobe

  G) cerebrum

  
• what does the cerebellum controll?

  balance and heart rate
• what does the brain stem controll?

  breathing and heart rate (automatic neurones)
• the cellebrum is the WHATT, part of the brain


  The outside part, it is also the biggest part
• what are the parts of the central nervous system involed in a reflex reaction.

  The sensory neurons, spinal cord neurons and motorneurones which activate muscels.