What acronym can be used to remember the short term factors?
CLIP
What does the C in CLIP stand for?
Campaign
What does the L in CLIP stand for?
Leadership
What does the I in CLIP stand for?
Issues
What does the P in CLIP stand for?
Policies
What is the rational choice theory?
Voting based on self-interest and rationality. Consider how they will be affected by having different parties in government
What is valence?
The idea that people support the party best able to deliver on issues they care about
Valence suggests voters aren’t solely concerned with policies but also how much they trust the party to deliver them
Valence can be summed up in 3 questions:
Which party do I trust the most
Which party do I trust to handle the economy
Which party will/has been competent in government
Labour defeats in 2010 and 2015 elections were partly based on economic voting (poor handling of 2008 financial crash)
Voters like leaders with desirable personal characteristics
Voters will look at the leader’s past records as politicians
Which leader was perceived as weak in the 2015 election?
Ed Miliband
Which leader was punished by the electorate for being seen as indecisive in 2010?
Gordon Brown
Issue voting suggests that voters will decide whom to vote for based on a single issue that means a great deal to them.
Issue voting is usually seen as irrational in the sense that someone may vote for a party based on this one issue, even though it might lead to them being worse off in many other ways.
What is a manifesto?
A list of policies a party sets out to try to appeal to voters and persuade them to vote for it.
The role of the party leader and how a changing reputation can impact on a party’s fortunes can be seen by comparing the performances of Jeremy Corbyn in 2017 and 2019.
There is little doubt that Corbyn’s resurgence was a major influence on the outcome of the 2017 election and the Labour revival
A typical example of tactical voting could be Labour supporters voting Conservative to keep out a UKIP candidate in a close UKIP Conservative contest.