Understanding Typhoons

• TROPICAL CYCLONE:

  A general term for intense circular storms.

  Typically originate over warm tropical oceans.

  Characterized by maximum sustained wind speeds and heavy rainfall.
• TYPHOONS:

  • A type of tropical cyclone occurring in the Northwest Pacific Ocean.
  • May to October is the typical season.
  • Primarily affects the Northwestern Hemisphere.
• HURRICANES:

  • A type of tropical cyclone occurring in the North Atlantic and Northeast Pacific Oceans.
  • The typical season is from June to September.
  • Primarily affects the Northern Hemisphere.
• CYCLONES:

  • A type of tropical cyclone occurring in the South Pacific and Indian Oceans.
  • In the North Indian Ocean, the typical season is from April to December.
  • In the Southern Hemisphere, the typical season is from November to April.
• CORIOLIS EFFECT:

  • A natural phenomenon caused by Earth's rotation.
  • This deflection causes storms to curve as they move across the Earth's surface.
  • The Coriolis Effect influences the direction of movement away from the equator.
  • Tropical cyclones cannot pass through the equator due to the Coriolis Effect.
  • In the Southern Hemisphere, storms swirl clockwise.
  • In the Northern Hemisphere, storms swirl counterclockwise.
• Tropical cyclones form over warm ocean waters with temperatures typically above 26.5°C (80°F)
• Warm water heats the air above it, creating an environment conducive to cyclone formation
• The warm air rising creates a low-pressure area at the surface
• As warm air rises, it undergoes evaporation and condensation
• Moisture in the air condenses to form clouds, releasing latent heat into the atmosphere
• • The warm water heats the air above
  • Rise and forms a low pressure area
• The Earth's rotation causes the rising air to spin due to the Coriolis Effect
• In the Northern Hemisphere, the spin of rising air is counterclockwise
• In the Southern Hemisphere, the spin of rising air is clockwise
• 4. Development of the eye:

  • Cyclone grows stronger
  • The eye is being formed at the center
  • The eye is a calm and cloud-free zone, where the air is descending
• 1. Warm ocean waters

  • Tropical cyclone needs a warm sea surface temperature
  • The warm water heats the air above
  • Rise and forms a low pressure area
• 2. Evaporation and Condensation

  • Warm air rises
  • Cools in the air
  • The moisture carries condensation to the clouds
  • Then rains
  • This process releases latent heat into the atmosphere
  • Which causes the air to rse
• 3. Earth's Rotation (coriolis effect)

  • Warm air continues to rise
  • Earth’s rotation causes the rising air to spin
  • Northern hemisphere spins counterclockwise
  • Southern hemisphere spins clockwise,
• PARTS OF TYPHOONS

  Eye: Center, the calm part

  Eye wall: Around the eye, strongest winds and rain

  Rain bands: Clouds that spin
• Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR):

  • Defined by the World Meteorological Organization.
  • Designates the area in which PAGASA (Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical, and Astronomical Services Administration) is responsible for monitoring weather events.
  • Once a tropical cyclone enters PAR, PAGASA starts issuing advisories and updates regarding its development and potential impacts on the Philippines.
• Change in Names:

  • When a tropical cyclone enters PAR, PAGASA assigns it a local name.
  • This helps in localizing and tracking the cyclone more effectively within the Philippines.
• Effect on the Philippines:

  • Cyclones typically approach the Philippines from the east.
  • Once a cyclone enters PAR, it does not necessarily mean that it will directly affect the Philippines.
  • However, PAGASA continues to monitor its movement and provide updates to ensure preparedness and safety measures are in place.
• Geographical Location and Typhoons in the Philippines:

  • The Philippines is prone to typhoons due to its geographical location.
  • Situated in the Western Pacific Ocean, the Philippines is within an area known for its active typhoon activity.
  • The country lies in the path of the Typhoon Belt, a region characterized by frequent typhoon occurrences.
  • These factors contribute to the Philippines being highly vulnerable to the impacts of typhoons, including strong winds, heavy rainfall, storm surges, and flooding.
• Typhoons:

  • Typhoons and cyclones can weaken if they encounter landmasses or pass over colder air, which disrupts their heat and moisture supply.
  • The duration of a typhoon typically lasts for about 3 days to a week, depending on various factors such as environmental conditions and the storm's intensity.
  • The Philippines experiences an average of 20 typhoons each year, making it one of the most typhoon-prone countries in the world.
• Additional Information:

  • In the Northern Hemisphere, tropical cyclones are referred to as hurricanes.
  • In the Southern Hemisphere, they are called cyclones.
  • In the Northwest Pacific Ocean (including the Philippines), they are known as typhoons.