Behaviourist Explanation

• what makes up the two-process model?

  classical conditioning & SLT

  Operant conditioning
• what are used to explain the acquisition of phobias?

  classical conditioning (association) and social learning theory (observation)
• what is used to explain how phobias are maintained?

  operant conditioning
• what is the maintenance of phobias seen as ?

  seen as occurring through operant conditioning, where avoiding/escaping from a feared object or situation acts as a negative reinforcer

  • this reinforces the avoidance response