CDIA- Internal factors

• What is the definition of an internal factor in education?

  interactions between pupils/ teachers as to the different levels of achievement between classes
• What is labelling theory?

  The attach a meaning or definition to a person
• What do interactionalists believe?

  face-to-face interactions between individuals, such as in the classroom or playground.
• Who is Howard Becker?

  interactionalist=labelling
• What the date of Howard beckers study?

  1971
• What does Howard Becker mean by the ideal pupil?

  A student who conforms to the expectations and norms of the educational system.
• Tip on Howard Becker:

  teachers judged pupils according to closely fitting ideal pupil
• Ray rists (1970) theory?

  Tigers=middle class

  Clowns=working class
• Labelling can lead to?

  Self ruffling prophecy
• What is self fulfilling prophecy?

  Label= belief in the label= live up to label
• What is rosental and jacobson discover about SFP?

  • Field experiment
  • highly unethical
  • never be replicated
  • lied to teacher&children
  • under-achievement
• What is a contact band?

  The speaker assumes the listener shares similar experiences
• What is context free?

  Speaker Doesn't assume listener shares similar experiences, extend vocabulary
• What dunne et al say about WC?

  Its normalised that WC underachieve due to labelling
• What is streaming?

  separating children due to different ability
• Victim blaming explantation:

  rist=dunne et al=home background for judgement= CD= FUNCTIONALIST
• What sociologists talk on streaming?

  Gillborn and youdell (2001)
• What do Gillborn and yodel say about streaming?

  link to publishing league tables= good position=A-C economy
• What is an education triage?

  sorting of pupils
• What is a pupil subculture?

  pupils that share similar norms and values
• How does Colin Lacey separate pupil subculture?

  • Differentiation
  • Polarisation
• What is differentiation?

  Teachers categorising pupils according to ability/ behaviour
• What is polarisation?

  Pupils respond to streaming: pro or anti school subculture
• What does Lacey mean by pro- school subculture?

  Values that promotes academic success and follow school rules
• What does Lacey mean by anti school subculture?

  Pupils Suffer of low esteem = Inferior status
• David Hargreaves's (1967):


  status frustration= Gain status in different ways
• What date was Peter woods study?

  1979
• What did Peter woods say about streaming?

  • Ingratiation
  • Ritualism
  • Retreatism
  • Rebellion
• What does Bourdieu mean by habitus?

  Dispositions or learned ways of thinking being and acting that are shared by a particular social class.
• TIP:

  LINK cultural capital to= Habitus
• What is symbolic capital?

  WC and their tastes and lifestyles as inferior symbolic violence reproduces class structure and keeps them in their place.
• What are the Abolishing streaming effects?

  • Mixed ability sets
  • MC&WC labelling
• What does archer discover about Wc and educational failure?

  Middle class habitus stigmatises WC pupils identities
• What does woods say about laceys anti & pro school subculture

  ITS CRUDE
• Archers study 


  relationship between WC and educational failure
• Howard Becker study- 60 Chicago high school teachers= ideal pupil=middle class pupils more ideal compare to wc = low expectations of WC
• Jorgensen (2009):

  • WC aspen school= staff= discipline was a major problem
  • Ideal pupil = quiet/passive
  • MC Rowan= STAFF = few discipline problems

  Ideal pupils determined by personality
• Dunne & Gazeley- Produce WC underachievement due labels and assumptions from teachers
• Labelling in primary schools: Ray Rist

  • Tigers= MC
  • Clowns= WC
• Self fufilling prophecy:

  1. teacher labels
  2. teacher treats pupil according to label
  3. pupil internalises