CDIA- External factors

• External factors of achievement:

  1. Influence of home
  2. Family background
  3. Wider society
• What percentage of kids attend private schools?

  7%
• What is cultural deprivation?

  Wc families fail to socialise their children adequately= deprived=underachieve
• What are the 3 main aspects of cultural deprivation?

  Language, parental attitudes, and working-class subculture.
• Language Theorist:

  Siegfried Engelmann (1966): language used by WC is deficient due to gestures, single words and distorted phases.
• What is the importance of Language?

  Communication & Cognitive development
• Who spoke about speech codes?

  Basil Bernstein (1975)
• How did Basil Bernstein distinguish speech codes?

  • Restricted code
  • Elaborated code
• Who found out that working class pupils placed less value on education?

  SWB Douglas (1964)
• What did SWB Douglas write? (1964)

  The home and the school (Longitudinal study)
• What did SWB Douglas claim?

  The single biggest factor for a Childs achievement is paternal interest
• What is parental interest operationalised?

  1. Attendance of parent evening
  2. Teachers report
• What is a study?

  Piece of reasearch
• What is Barry Sugarman view (1970)?

  WC subculture has four key feature that are a educational barrier to achievement:

  1. Fatalism
  2. Collectivism
  3. Immediate gratification
  4. Present-time orientation
• What is a subculture?

  A subculture is a group within a larger culture that share norms and values.
• what is a social policy?

  government plans or actions to help social issues
• What is a myth?

  something not true
• What is compulsory education?

  Social policy from poor socialisation (WC)
• What is the figure to be remebred?

  3/4 of white working class boys fail
• What does Barry sugarcane argue (pt2):

  Middle class values stem from secure jobs ( encouraging ambition) whilst WC is the opposite
• What do cultural deprivation theorists argue?

  Parents pass values onto children through socialisation
• How is attainment operationalised?

  Pupils gaining 5 or more GSCES grade 4 and above.
• What is the registered job scale?

  A system that categorises and classifies different occupations based on their skill level and qualifications.
• What is the poverty line?

  60% or less of average income
• Who created the new labour?

  Tony Blair
• In 2001 what happened to new labour?

  • scrapped EMA
  • scrapped pocket money
  • closed short start
  • collusion government
• What date is Nell keddies study?

  1973
• What does Nell kiddie say about CD?

  • Myth
  • Victim blaming
  • Culturally different not deprived
• What year was marilyn Howards study?

  2001
• What does Marliyn Howard discuss about diet and health with WC?

  WC=low energy=low minerals=poor nutrition=weak immune system=more absences=difficulties in concentration.
• What year was Emily tanners study?

  2003
• What did Emily tanner discuss with WC?

  transportation, uniform, books are a burden to WC= low self esteem=lashing out
• What is material deprivation?

  Lack of access to basic resources and necessities.
• What is a culture?

  A set of beliefs, values, customs, and behaviors shared by a group of people.
• What are values?

  general principles and goals
• What is the norm?

  specific rules that govern behaviours in certain situations
• What is cultural capital?

  middle class culture
• Who came up with the term cultural capital?

  Pierre Bourdieu
• What does Bourdieu argue?

  Educational, economic and cultural capital can be converted into one another
• Nell Keddie pt2:

  poor housing ie. overcrowding, lack of sleep, study= disrupted in school