Lesson 2

• AGRONOMY – the practice of planting extensive areas to grains and pasture grasses.
• “Agros” means field
• “nomos” meaning manage
• HORTICULTURE - the intensive cultivation of plants in small areas.
• FORESTRY – management of lands planted to trees providing timber and supporting wildlife.
• Agronomic Crops (extensive growing of crops)
• Cereals – grasses grown for their grains

  (e.g. corn, rice, barley, oats, sorghum, wheat)
• Seed legumes (pulses) – grown for pods and seeds

  (e.g. soybean, mungbean, peanut)
• Forage crops – feed for animals whether in form of hay, silage or pasture

  (e.g. guinea grass, napier

  grass, para grass)
• Fiber crops – grown for their fibers used in textile, cordages, sacks and bags

  (e.g. cotton, jute,

  abaca, buri, kapok)
• Sugar crops – grown for their sugar content

  (e.g. sugarcane, sugar beet, sweet sorghum)
• Oil crops – grown for their oil content

  (e.g. flax, soybean, sunflower, coconut, African oilpalm)
• Horticultural Crops (intensive growing of crops)
• Vegetables – a succulent plant or plant part usually eaten as a supplementary food in cooked

  or raw form;
• Leafy vegetables – grown mainly for their leaves (e.g. pechay, mustard, lettuce,

  kangkong, celery)
• Cole crops (crucifers) – belong to the Cruciferae family (e.g. cabbage, cauliflower,

  broccoli)
• Root and bulb crops – grown for their swollen underground roots or stems (e.g. potato,

  garlic, radish, carrot, onion, ginger)
• Legumes – belongs to the Leguminosae family (e.g. sitao, cowpea, winged bean, snap

  beans)
• Solanaceous crops – belong to the Solanaceae family; economically important plant part

  are the fruits (e.g. tomato, eggplant)
• Cucurbits – belong to the Cucurbitaceae family (e.g. squash, upo, patola, ampalaya,

  chayote)
• Small fruit – fruit not borne on trees (e.g. pineapple, grapes, strawberry, passion fruit)
• Nut fruit – fruit borne on trees but are enclosed by a stony structure (e.g. cashew, pili)
• Tree fruit – fruit borne on trees (e.g. durian, mango, santol, duhat)
• Cutflowers (florist’s crops) – grown for their flowers (e.g. gladiolus, roses, daisy, mums,

  anthuriums, orchids)
• Cutfoliage (florist’s greens) – foliage that provides background in floral arrangements

  (e.g. ferns, asparagus, fortune plant, polyscias, anahaw)
• Flowering pot plants – plants grown in containers for their beautiful flowers (e.g.

  poinsettias, mums, liliums)
• Foliage plants – grown for their attractive foliage (e.g. begonia, philodendron,

  aglaonema, bromeliads, snake plant, San Francisco)
• Turf – used in lawns or greens (e.g. bermuda grass, blue grass, carabaograss)
• Landscape plants – for landscaping purposes (e.g. ground cover, barrier, specimen,

  edging, accents, fillers)
• Plantation Crops – perennial crops grown on a large scale and intended for industrial purposes;

  need to be processed before use.
• Rubber crops – grown for their latex extracted from the stem or trunk (e.g. Rubber tree,

  chico, pili, rimas, papaya)
• Beverage crops – used for brewing non-alcoholic drinks (e.g. Coffee, cacao)
• Medicinal crops and Botanical pesticides – with curative, laxative or pesticidal

  properties (e.g. Lagundi, tsaang gubat, sambong, yerba buena, marigold,neem)
• Spices, Condiments and Essences – provides special flavor, aroma/scents and color to

  food, perfume, soaps and body dressing (e.g. Black pepper, vanilla, lemon grass, citronella,

  cinnamon)
• Terrestrial – crops that thrive on land or soil
• Wetland – crops that can tolerate waterlogged areas (e.g. rice, kangkong)
• Dryland – crops that thrive on arid land or desert; drought- tolerant crops (e.g. cactus, garlic,

  tobacco, sweet sorghum)
• Aerial – crops that thrive on soil-less media such as trees and drift woods (e.g. orchids,ferns)
• Aquatic Plants – plants that thrive on water (e.g. water lily, water lettuce)
• Herbs – succulent plants with self-supporting stems (e.g. vinca, marigold, thyme, rosemary,banana)