Computer science

• What is a Computer:

  • A computer is an electronic data processing device that:
  • Accept and store data input
  • Process the data input
  • Generate the output in the required format
• Classification of Computers:

  • Analog Computers
  • Digital Computers
• Analog Computers:

  • Designed to measure continuous electrical or physical conditions
  • Processed using analog circuits and devices
  • Examples: oscilloscopes, televisions, thermometers
• Digital Computers:

  • Process information using binary digits (bits)
  • Represented as 0 or 1
  • Examples: personal computers, laptops, smartphones
• Classification of Computers Based on Performance:

  • Microcomputers
  • Minicomputers
  • Mainframe Computers
  • Supercomputers
• Microcomputers:

  • Referred to as personal computers
  • Used for personal use
  • Examples: Desktop, laptop, notebooks
  • Features: smallest, least expensive, limited computational capacity
• Minicomputers:

  • More memory and large storage capacity compared to microcomputers
  • Used as web servers, database servers
  • Examples: Magnum, VAX computers
  • Features: faster, more expensive, greater computational capacity
• Mainframe Computers:

  • High-performance computers for large-scale computing purposes
  • Used in large organizations
  • Features: enormous memory, significant number of CPUs
• Supercomputers:

  • Most efficient computers in processing data
  • Used for complex calculations
  • Features: fastest, most expensive, enormous in size
• Classification of Computers Based on Purpose:

  • General Purpose Computers
  • Special Purpose Computers
• General Purpose Computers:

  • Designed for a large variety of problems
  • Example: microcomputers
• Special Purpose Computers:

  • Designed for a specific purpose
  • Example: robots, ultrasound machines
• Computer Applications:

  1. Education

  2. Healthcare

  3. Finance

  4. Manufacturing
• Education:

  • Easy to access information
  • Student Research
  • Distance Learning
  • Learn New Technologies (CSS, HTML, etc.)
  • Easy to maintain records of attendance, marks, and performance of students
• Healthcare:

  • Diagnostic Systems
  • Patient Monitoring System
  • Pharma Information System
  • Telemedicine
• Finance:

  • Pay Bills
  • Track Personal Income
  • Access Account Balance
• Manufacturing: Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) refers to the use of computers to assist with manufacturing processes such as fabrication and assembly. Industries use CAM to reduce product development costs, shorten a product's time to market, and stay ahead of the competition.