Milgram Variation 7

• What is the strength referred to in the study material?

  Ao3
• What does reliability in the context of the study material refer to?

  Consistency of results across experiments
• How was the procedure standardized for all participants?

  All participants had the same experience
• What was the role of the experimenters in the study?

  They used the same verbal prompts for all
• What does standardization allow researchers to do?

  Repeat the experiment to test consistency
• What percentage of participants went to 450V?

  22.5%
• What happened to the authority figure in the study?

  They returned after being absent
• Why is the variation in results significant?

  It indicates reliability issues in the study
• What does the study suggest about student behavior when authority leaves?

  Students may stop working when abandoned
• What was the aim of the study regarding authority figures?

  To explore the effect of proximity on obedience
• What was the method used in the study?

  Experiments with verbal instructions and shocks
• How did the experimenters leave the participants during the study?

  They left them alone with a shock generator
• What was the significance of the shock generator in the study?

  It demonstrated the effects of obedience to authority
• What was the outcome for many participants regarding their shock levels?

  They reported lower shocks than expected
• What does the study imply about people's perceptions of authority?

  People may underestimate their obedience to authority
• How does the study relate to real-world applications?

  It highlights the impact of authority in various settings
• What are the key findings regarding authority and obedience from the study?

  • 22.5% of participants went to 450V
  • Many participants reported lower shock levels
  • Authority figures significantly influence behavior
  • Students may stop working when authority leaves
• What are the implications of the study's findings on authority figures?

  • Authority can lead to high obedience levels
  • Variability in results indicates reliability issues
  • Understanding authority's impact is crucial in education and psychology
• How can the findings of this study be applied in educational settings?

  • Recognizing the influence of authority on student behavior
  • Implementing strategies to maintain student engagement
  • Understanding the dynamics of teacher-student relationships
• What is the voltage range for the shocks given to confederate?

  15V to 450V
• What percentage of participants went to 450V?

  22.5%
• Why did many participants give lower shocks than expected?

  They thought they weren't being observed
• What happened to participants when the experimenter returned to the room?

  They became obedient again
• What are the conclusions drawn from the experiment regarding authority and obedience?

  1. Physical presence of authority is crucial for obedience.
  2. People find it easier to disobey if authority is remote.
• What demographic was primarily sampled in the study?

  40 men aged 20-50 years
• Why is the sample considered ethnocentric?

  It was conducted in a western culture
• What is a limitation regarding the ecological validity of the study?

  It lacks ecological validity due to artificial settings
• What ethical concerns were raised by the experiment?

  • Lack of informed consent
  • Psychological distress caused to participants
  • Deception involved in the study
• What did Milgram fail to ensure during the experiment?

  Protection from psychological harm
• What did Milgram provide at the end of the study?

  Debriefing for participants
• How did Milgram's study violate the BPS guidelines?

  It caused psychological harm to participants
• What did Milgram's study reveal about human behavior?

  People can obey authority even against morals
• What were the strengths and weaknesses of Milgram's study?

  Strengths:

  • Insight into obedience to authority
  • Controlled experimental conditions

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Ethical concerns regarding participant treatment
  • Limited generalizability due to sample demographics