Social Impact Theory

• What is social impact?

  The real or imagined presence of a person
• What does the theory attempt to explain?

  It explains conformity and following leaders
• Who provides the influence in social impact?

  The individual providing the influence
• What determines social impact?

  Strength, immediacy, and numbers
• What does strength refer to in social impact?

  Status or authority of the source
• How does immediacy affect social impact?

  It relates to emotional closeness and physical proximity
• What does the number of sources influence?

  The overall social impact experienced
• How does the strength of a source affect social impact?

  Stronger sources have a greater influence
• What did Hofling's study demonstrate?

  Nurses followed orders from a physician
• What percentage of nurses agreed to give an overdose?

  11/12 agreed to give the dose
• What does the study suggest about authority?

  Authority can lead to compliance in dangerous situations
• How does the number of confederates affect influence?

  More confederates lead to less impact
• What did Bickman and Milgram find about confederates?

  More confederates had less influence
• What percentage of passersby looked up when one confederate looked up?

  42% looked up
• What percentage of passersby looked up when five confederates looked up?

  86% looked up
• What does the study imply about social influence?

  More sources lead to greater social influence
• How does the presence of additional sources affect individual behavior?

  It can lead to decreased individual impact
• What is the overall conclusion about social impact?

  Strength, immediacy, and numbers matter
• What is the significance of immediacy in social impact?

  It enhances the influence of the source
• How do the findings of Bickman and Milgram relate to social impact theory?

  They illustrate the importance of numbers
• What is the relationship between the number of sources and social impact?

  More sources generally increase social impact
• What does the theory of social impact help explain?

  It helps explain conformity and compliance
• How does social impact theory apply to real-world situations?

  It can explain behaviors in group settings
• What are the key components of social impact theory?

  • Strength of the source
  • Immediacy of the source
  • Number of sources
• What are the implications of Hofling's study on authority in healthcare?

  • Nurses complied with physician orders
  • Highlights risks of blind obedience
  • Importance of questioning authority
• What does Bickman and Milgram's research reveal about social influence?

  • More confederates increase compliance
  • Demonstrates the power of group influence
  • Shows the dynamics of social behavior
• Who conducted the study on confederates looking up at a building?

  Bickman and Milgram
• What percentage of passersby looked up when one confederate looked up?

  42%
• What percentage of passersby looked up when 15 confederates looked up?

  86%
• What happens to the social impact as the number of confederates increases?

  It increases
• What is the effect of additional confederates on individual pressure?

  It reduces individual pressure
• What does the term "social impact" refer to in this context?

  The influence of others on individual behavior
• What does Milgram's agency theory consider?

  The prestige of the setting
• How does the prestige of the setting impact authority?

  It can enhance perceived authority
• What role does evolution play in social situations according to the study?

  It influences behavior predictions
• What does the formula mentioned in the study predict?

  Predictive power in social situations
• How can the findings help control societal behavior?

  By predicting crowd control scenarios
• What are the implications of Bickman and Milgram's findings on social behavior?

  • Increased confederates lead to higher compliance
  • Social impact theory explains behavior changes
  • Authority perception is influenced by setting prestige
• What are the key components of Milgram's agency theory?

  • Prestige of the setting affects authority
  • Social impact is divided among individuals
  • Evolutionary factors influence behavior predictions
• How can the study's findings be applied in real-world scenarios?

  • Predicting crowd behavior in events
  • Enhancing compliance in social settings
  • Understanding authority dynamics in groups