humanistic approach

Cards (11)

  • overall assumptions:
    1. every individual is unique
    2. everyone has free will
    3. people should be viewed holistically
    4. subjective experience is more important than objective measures
  • humanistic psychologists believe we should not aim to generalise findings, but instead use idiographic methods
  • self-actualization is an innate drive to achieve one's full potential
  • Maslow’s hierarchy of needs:
    self actualisation
    self esteem
    love/belonging
    safety
    physiological needs
  • Rodgers had a focus on the self and self acceptance
    He identified two selves:
    perceived self- the self you feel you are
    ideal self- the self that you wish to be
  • congruence is the consistency between the perceived and ideal self. the greater the gap, the greater the incongruence.
    self-actualisation will occur when a person is congruent.
  • achieving congruence:
    • develop a more healthy view of yourself
    • receiving unconditional positive regard
  • receiving unconditional positive regard: being accepted and valued no matter what
    receiving conditional positive regard: only receiving love and support when you meet certain conditions
  • conditions of worth: the conditions under which a person is considered worthy to receive positive regard, these conditions can be real or perceived
  • client-centred therapy:
    • they receive unconditional positive regard from a therapist
    • therapists encourage clients to focus on the present rather than the past
    • used to treat mild conditions like anxiety and low self worth
  • evaluations:
    🙂 practical application (businesses and therapy)
    ☹️ not scientific
    ☹️ ethnocentric
    🙂/☹️ free will/determinism debate
    🙂 holistic explanation of behaviour