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paper 2
approaches
humanistic approach
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lydia🇵🇱
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Cards (11)
overall assumptions:
every individual is
unique
everyone has
free will
people should be viewed
holistically
subjective
experience is more important than
objective
measures
humanistic psychologists believe we should
not
aim to
generalise
findings, but instead use
idiographic
methods
self-actualization
is an
innate
drive to
achieve
one's full
potential
Maslow’s
hierarchy of needs:
self
actualisation
self
esteem
love/belonging
safety
physiological
needs
Rodgers had a focus on the
self
and self acceptance
He identified two selves:
perceived
self- the self you feel you are
ideal
self- the self that you wish to be
congruence
is the
consistency
between the
perceived
and
ideal
self. the greater the gap, the greater the
incongruence.
self-actualisation will occur when a person is
congruent.
achieving congruence:
develop a more
healthy
view of yourself
receiving
unconditional positive
regard
receiving unconditional positive regard: being accepted and valued
no
matter
what
receiving conditional positive regard:
only
receiving love and support when you meet
certain
conditions
conditions of worth: the conditions under which a person is considered worthy to receive
positive
regard,
these conditions can be
real
or
perceived
client-centred therapy:
they receive
unconditional
positive
regard
from a
therapist
therapists encourage clients to focus on the
present
rather than the
past
used to treat mild conditions like
anxiety
and
low
self worth
evaluations:
🙂
practical applicatio
n (
businesses
and
therapy)
☹️ not
scientific
☹️
ethnocentric
🙂/☹️
free
will
/
determinism
debate
🙂
holistic
explanation of behaviour