Molars

• Mandibular Third Permanent Molars

  
  

  describe the Mandibular Third Permanent Molars


  - they look similar to the second molars but smaller

  - they have 4 cusps

  - they have 2 roots (one mesial and one distal) which tend to curve distally- they can fuse together

  - the occlusal surface is oblong in shape

  - there are different variations

  
• Mandibular Second Permanent Right Molars

  
  

  How many roots does the tooth have?

  2 roots; one mesial and one distal

  
  

  - the mesial root is under the 2 mesial cusps

  - the distal root is under the 2 distal cusps

  - the roots bend distally and they are closer together than the first molar roots

  
• Mandibular Second Permanent Right Molars

  
  

  describe the occlusal surface of the Mandibular Second Permanent Right Molar

  - cruciate fissure pattern from mesial to distal and buccal to lingual

  - tooth is wider mesially than distally due to larger mesial cusps

  
• Mandibular Second Permanent Right Molars

  
  

  describe the lingual (facing tongue) surface of the Mandibular Second Permanent Right Molar


  - lingual cusps are taller than buccal

  - lingual cusps are sharp

  - lingual cusps overhang roots and allow space for the tongue

  
• Mandibular Second Permanent Right Molars

  
  

  describe the buccal (facing cheek) surface of the Mandibular Second Permanent Right Molar

  - bulbous buccal cusps

  - buccal cusps have lingual inclination

  - one developmental groove

  
• Mandibular Second Permanent Right Molars

  
  

  how many cusps does the tooth have?

  4 cusps; 2 buccal and 2 lingual

  
  

  - mesial cusps are larger and taller than distal

  
• Mandibular Second Permanent Right Molars

  
  

  Where is the Mandibular Second Permanent Right Molar in relation to the other teeth?

  - 7th closest to the midline

  - has the first molars to the mesial side

  - has the 3rd molars (wisdom teeth) on the distal side if there are present- they are missing in 25% of people

  - right and left hand side of dental arch

  
• Mandibular Second Permanent Right Molars

  
  

  How to chart Mandibular Second Permanent Right Molar?

  zsigmondy system/palmer notation: 7_|

  FDI system: 47_|

  Universal system: 31_|

  
• Mandibular First Permanent Right Molars

  
  

  How many roots does the tooth have?

  2 roots; 1 mesial and 1 distal

  - the mesial root is the longer root and it curves distally

  
• Mandibular First Permanent Right Molars

  
  

  describe the occlusal surface of the Mandibular First Permanent Right Molar

  - rectangular shape occlusion

  - mesio-distal length is longer than the bucco-lingual width

  - Dryopithecus fissure pattern

  
• Mandibular First Permanent Right Molars

  
  

  describe the lingual (facing tongue) surface of the Mandibular First Permanent Right Molar


  - the 2 lingual cusps are the disto-lingual cusp and the mesio-lingual cusp

  - mesiolingual cusp is taller than the distolingual

  - the cusps are pointed and upright: they overhang the root making space for the tongue

  - there is one developmental groove

  
• Mandibular First Permanent Right Molars

  
  

  describe the buccal (facing cheek) surface of the Mandibular First Permanent Right Molar


  - buccal cusps incline towards the lingual

  - there are 2 buccal grooves

  - the 3 buccal cusps are the disto-buccal cusp (smallest), the centro-buccal cusp, and the mesio-buccal cusp

  - the tips of the cusps are rounded and incline lingually

  
• Mandibular First Permanent Right Molars

  
  

  how many cusps does the tooth have?

  5 cusps; 3 buccal and 2 lingual

  
• Mandibular First Permanent Right Molars

  
  

  Where is the Mandibular First Permanent Right Molar in relation to the other teeth?

  - 6th closest to the midline

  - has the second premolars to its mesial side

  - has the second molars to its distal side

  - right and left hand side of dental arch

  
• Mandibular First Permanent Right Molars

  
  

  How to chart Mandibular First Permanent Right Molar?

  zsigmondy system/palmer notation: 6_|

  FDI system: 46_|

  Universal system: 30_|

  
• Maxillary Third Permanent Molars

  
  

  describe the Maxillary Third Permanent Molars

  - they are the smallest of the maxillary molars

  - they look similar to the second molars but their distopalatal cusp is reduced in size, they have 3 short roots fused together and their occlusal is triangular in shape

  - they have different variations

  
• Maxillary Second Permanent Right Molar

  
  

  compare the first and second maxillary molars

  in the second molars:

  - roots are closer together

  - crown is smaller

  - the disto-palatal cusp is smaller in size

  
• Maxillary Second Permanent Right Molar

  
  

  How many roots does the tooth have?

  3 roots; 2 buccal and 1 palatal

  
  

  - the buccal roots are similar in lengths and bend distally

  - roots are closer together than in the first molar

  
• Maxillary Second Permanent Right Molar

  
  

  describe the occlusal surface of the Maxillary Second Permanent Right Molar

  - rhomboid shape

  
• Maxillary Second Permanent Right Molar

  
  

  how many cusps does the tooth have?

  4 cusps- 2 buccal and 2 palatal

  
  

  - no cusp of carabelli

  - the palatal cusps are curved

  - mesiopalatal cusp is larger and taller than the distopalatal cusp

  
• Maxillary Second Permanent Right Molar

  
  

  Where is the Maxillary Second Permanent Right Molar in relation to the other teeth?

  - 7th tooth from the midline

  - has the First molar on the mesial side

  - has the 3rd molars (wisdom teeth) on the distal side if there are present- they are missing in 25% of people

  - right and left hand side of dental arch

  
• Maxillary Second Permanent Right Molar

  
  

  How to chart Maxillary First Permanent Right Molar?

  zsigmondy system/palmer notation: 7_|

  FDI system: 17_|

  Universal system: 2_|

  
• Maxillary First Permanent Right Molar

  
  

  How many roots does the tooth have?

  3 roots- 2 buccal and 1 palatal

  
  

  - the buccal root is found directly below the buccal cusps and bends towards the distal

  - the palatal root is the longest and it it found under the mesiopalatal cusp

  
• Maxillary First Permanent Right Molar

  
  

  describe the occlusal surface of the Maxillary First Permanent Right Molar

  - rhombus with cusps at each corner

  - mesial and distal fossa

  - mesiopalatal cusp is 2/3rds the size of the distopalatal cusp

  - there is a H shape fissure pattern

  - oblique ridge runs from mesiopalatal to distobuccal

  
• Maxillary First Permanent Right Molar

  
  

  describe the buccal (facing cheek) surface of the Maxillary First Permanent Right Molar

  there is a developmental groove that divides the mesial and distal buccal cusps from eachother

  
• Maxillary First Permanent Right Molar

  
  

  where is the cusp of carabelli found?

  on the mesiopalatal cusp

  
  

  - it is only present for approximately 70% of people

  
• Maxillary First Permanent Right Molar

  
  

  how many cusps does the tooth have?

  4 cusps (2 buccal and 2 palatal) and the cusp of carabelli

  
  

  - the palatal cusps are more curved than the buccal

  
• Maxillary First Permanent Right Molar

  
  

  Where is the Maxillary First Permanent Right Molar in relation to the other teeth?

  - 6th closest to the midline

  - has the second premolars to the mesial

  - has the second molars to the distal

  -right and left hand side of dental arch

  
• Maxillary First Permanent Right Molar

  
  

  How to chart Maxillary First Permanent Right Molar?

  zsigmondy system/palmer notation: 6_|

  FDI system: 16_|

  Universal system: 3_|