2.2.1 Types of Opposition

• Historian Detlev Peukert breaks down opposition into:

  1. Active resistance (tried to overthrow the regime)
  2. Protest (not intended to end Nazism but change Nazi policy)
  3. Non-conformity (diverged from standards the Nazis enforced)
• The Church protested against government attempts to censor Catholic newspapers or intergrate Catholic youth groups into Nazi ones
• In 1935, the government reversed their decision to ban crucifixes from classrooms
• Communists could print anti-Nazi literature until 1935, when it became impossible to get hold of printing equipment. They also organised around 400 illegal strikes between 1933 - 35
• Historian Martin Broszat argued that non-comfority was political as the Nazis tried to control all aspects of life
• People told jokes about the regime and listened to jazz music which had been banned from German radio since 1935