Reformations

• What was the pilgrimage of grace

  Series of rebellions in response to england breaking form the catholic church
• where was the pilgrimage of grace

  first in Lincolnshire then moved to Yorkshire
• when was the pilgrimage of grace

  October - December 1536
• who was involved in the pilgrimage of grace

  nobels, monks and nuns
• what was the pilgrims aims

  restore relations between henry and pope

  restore monasteries

  restore princess mary as heir

  eliminate commoners from kings circle ( cromwell )
• Causes of pilgrimage pf grace

  Henry leading the reformation and breaking from the catholic church

  Henry began the dissolutions of monasteries - where monks lived and helped the poorest in society

  Thomas cromwell - blamed for changes of the church and reduced power of northern lords
• what happened at the pilgrimage

  broken out in yorkshire and spread across northern england. 50,000 men compared to the 8,000 men the king sent

  made it clear they were rejecting the reformations, not the king

  king chose duke of norfolk to negotiate with the pilgrims. Duke promised leader that he would give their demands to henry

  When pilgrims found out henry was not going to agree they attacked a castle in hull

  Leaders were hung
• who led the pilgrimage of grace

  robert aske
• why did the pilgrimage of grace fail

  were too willing to believe henry would listen to their demands

  werent a huge threat as they never wanted to overthrow henry just opposed closing of monastries

  lack of support outside of the north
• why was the pilgrimage of grace so significant

  largest rebellion in the 16th century

  took control of north of england

  Henry began to dissolve monastries at a faster rate

  Leaders such as aske was hung as a warning to others who wanted to rebel
• visitations

  in 1535 cromwell sent 6 officials to inspect monasteries
• what did they find at the monastries

  monks not celibate - had mistresses and affairs w boys

  nuns had children

  monasteries accused of working with pirates
• outcome of visitations

  results recorded in ‘compenduim compertorum‘

  which wasnt reliable

  some officials bullied monk and nuns out of confessions

  some believed to be made up
• claims of visitations

  out of 181 claims only 12 were proven to be true

  job of the commissioners was to find information to shut down monastries
• Disillusion of monasteries - money

  Monasteries owned 1/3 of english land and earned £160,000 a year - 3 times as much as king

  Henry needed. To protect england was much as possible from catholic invasion

  Realised he could use monasteries to gain more money
• distillations of monasteries

  first 1536 - closed 300 smaller ones that earned £200 a year

  1539 - confirmed more closures

  1540 - all monasteries closed down