Parts of a Cell

• The Nucleus contains genetic material (DNA) that controls all activities within the cell.
• Ribosomes are small structures made up of proteins and RNA molecules responsible for protein synthesis.
• The cytoplasm contains various structures such as ribosomes, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles, cytoskeleton, and centrioles.
• The cytoplasm transports cellular components throughout the cell.
• Chromatin is DNA wrapped around proteins called histones, forming chromosomes during cell division.
• Mitochondria produce energy through aerobic respiration, converting glucose into ATP.
• Lysosomes contain enzymes to break down waste products inside cells.
• Vacuoles store water, nutrients, or wastes within plant cells.
• Endoplasmic Reticulum is a network of membranes involved in protein synthesis and lipid metabolism.
• Golgi Apparatus modifies and packages proteins and lipids produced by the ER for transport to other parts of the cell or outside the cell.
• Golgi Apparatus modifies and packages proteins and lipids for transport to other parts of the cell or outside the cell.
• Cytoskeleton provides structure and support to the cell.
• Centrioles are involved in cell division and formation of spindle fibers.
• Cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell.
• Chloroplasts are organelles found only in plants that convert sunlight into chemical energy (photosynthesis). They have their own DNA and ribosomes.
• Centrosome organizes microtubule formation and plays a role in cell division.
• Cell Wall is an external layer found only in plants and fungi, providing structural support and protection against pathogens.