C6: Sensation & Perception

Cards (116)

  • Sensation is the perception of stimuli by the sensory receptors
  • Transduction is the conversion of physical energy to neural signals that can be processed by the brain
  • Perception is the process of taking in information to make it mean something applied to the world
  • Bottom-up Processing is the process of perception driven by external stimulus itself
  • Top-down Processing is the process of using its former knowledge and expectations to interpret new information
  • The difference between sensation and perception is that sensation is stimulus and perception is the response
  • Selective Attention is the process of focusing on one thing for a long period of time
  • Inattention blindness is the failure to consciously perceive an unexpected object within a visual field
  • Change Blindness in which the person is unable to detect a change in the environment
  • Selective Attention affects our attention span cognitively
  • Thresholds are a range of sensory stimuli humans can detect
  • Psychophysics is the study of the relationship between the physical and psychological properties of stimuli
  • Absolute thresholds is the minimum intensity required to detect a stimulus 50% of the time
  • Signal Detection Theory is the theory that determines when and how humans react to stimuli "signals"
  • Subliminal is the stimuli that are below the absolute threshold, cannot be consciously identified
  • Priming is the process in which the introduction of a stimulus influences how people respond to a subsequent stimulus
  • Difference Threshold is the smallest amount of stimulus required for us to detect
  • Weber's Law is the perception of stimulus intensity that grows at a slower rate than the actual rate of the stimulus
  • Sensory Adaption is the decreased sensitivity that occurs with continued exposure to an unchanging stimulus
  • Habituation is the decreased response to repeated exposure to a stimulus over time, helps identify what poses a threat/harm
  • Wavelength is the distance between from the peak of a wave to the peak of the next
  • Hue is a colour or shade that is produced by a single wavelength of light
  • Intensity is the amount of energy in a light or sound wave by a wave's amplitude
  • Pupil is the black center of the eye that has a hole for light entry, its size is controlled by iris
  • Iris is the coloured part of the eye that controls the pupil's size, it allows light entry
  • Retina has rods and cones that has electrical impulses for the brain
  • Accommodation is the process of lens changing shape to focus on near or distant objects
  • Rods detect low light, black and white vision and peripheral vision
  • Cones detect colour and fine details, active in brighter light
  • Optic nerve transmits visual signals from the retina to the brain
  • The Blind Spot is the area of the visual field that cannot be seen by the eye
  • The Fovea is the central part of the retina where the eye is most sensitive to light
  • Feature detectors detect features in an image, such as edges, corners and lines.
  • Parallel Processing is the brains process of different visual stimuli qualities, allowing a quick response to visual information
  • Young-Helmholtz trichromatic Theory is the theory of three types of colour receptors in retina that combines to create a perception of every colour
  • Opponent-process Theory is the theory that colour vision is based on opposing retinal processes (eg. red-green, blue-yellow, white-black)
  • Afterimage is the visual aftereffect of a stimulus not present in the vision field
  • Myopia (Nearsightedness) is a common refractive error; distant objects appear blurry, close objects are seen clearly
  • Hyperopia (Farsightedness) is a refractive error; distant objects seem blurry, distant objects are seen clearly
  • Colour blindness is the inability to distinguish between certain colours