Chemistry

• Chemistry is the study of matter, its properties, and how it can be changed or rearranged
• Food, cosmetics, elements in body and cleansing agents are chemistry used in everyday life
• Physical, Inorganic, Organic, Computational, Biochemistry, and Analytical are all branches of chem.
• Physical- study of how matter behaves at a molecular and atomic level
• Inorganic- compounds such as salts and minerals
• Computational- uses computer simulation to solve chemical problems
• Biochemistry- the study of chemical processes/reactions in living things.
• Analytical- obtaining processing and communicating information about the composition and structure of matter
• Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space
• Some examples of matter are Air,rocks,water,neon,people,gold..
• Examples of NON matter are energy,time,heat,gravity,reflections..
• another name for Particulate theory of matter is the particle molecular theory of matter
• There are 5 assumptions
• 1: all matter is made up of small particles known as atoms
• 2: pure substances have unique specific particles
• 3: particles attract eachother and have spaces between them
• 4: particles are constantly in motion
• 5: as temperature increases, particles of matter move faster
• Example Of the 1st assumption is tests proved that water has hydrogen and oxygen atoms
• Example of the 2nd assumption is that fake jewelry start to rust and change color because of oxidization
• example for 3rd assumption is that water molecules have small spaces between that allow food coloring molecules to mix with the water
• Example for the 4th assumption is that food coloring dispursed bc the molecules are moving
• Example for 5th assumption is that depending on the temperature of the water, it determines the rate of how fast/slow kool-aid dissolves
• The most common test to prove the theory of matter is the Reactive between ammonia and hydrochloric acid
• The Reactive between ammonia and hydrochloric acid is done in a process called diffusion
• Diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration til evenly distriputed
• High meaning the starting point and low meaning far away/ the outcome
• Osmosis is the movement of WATER particles or molecules from a region of high to low concentration through SEMI-PERMEABLE membrane til evenly distributed
• IMF means inter molecular forcer
• The definition of IMF is the force of attraction between molecules
• 3 states of matter is solid, liquid, and gas
• one thing that is considered the 4TH STATE OF MATTER is plasma
• Kinetic energy is what keeps the molecules apart and moving around
• Kinetic energy is low in solids
• IMF is the strongest in solids
• How to draw solid: Particles are tightly packed together
• Liquids have Intermediate IMF means that the IMF is in the middle of low and high
• The kinetic energy in liquids are intermediate
• How to draw liquid: particles are close together but not packed up
• Gases have weak IMF because the particles are far apart