structure of organelles

• cytoplasm

  jelly-like or watery
• cytosol

  the liquid part of the cytoplasm. it is 75% to 90% water but also has substances such as salts and carbohydrates dissolved in it. proteins and fats are suspended in it and do not dissolve
• nucleus

  largest organelle that is oval or spherical in shape. has a nuclear membrane (double membrane) that separate the nucleus from the cytoplasm. Nuclear pores allow large molecules like messenger rNA to enter and leave.
• ribosomes

  very small and spherical. They are either free in the cytoplasm or attached to membranes within the cell
• endoplasmic reticulum

  pairs of parallel membranes extend through the cytoplasm of the cell from the cell membrane to the nuclear membrane. forms a network of channels. rough ER have ribosomes attached to the outside of the membrane and smooth ER does not
• Golgi body (apparatus)

  series of flattened membranes stacked one upon the other. Usually positioned near the nucleus.
• Lysosomes

  Small spheres bounded by a membrane, formed from the golgi body
• mitochondria

  spherical or sausage-shaped, double membrane. the outside is smooth while the inner membrane (cristae) is arranged into a series of folds that extend into the interior of the organelle. the folds allow for a larger surface area for chemical reactions to occur
• cilia

  fine and hair-like

  numerous
• flagella

  long

  only one or two per cell
• microtubules

  hollow rods