Purposive Communication

• Communication is derived from the Latin word “communicare” which means “to share”
• Communication is the process of understanding and sharing meaning
• Communication involves the relationship between the participants
• Communication can be symbolic, involving both verbal and nonverbal elements
• Communication is ambiguous, often having more than one potential meaning
• Communication is irreversible, meaning once it is done, it cannot be undone
• Communication is inevitable, occurring whether or not there is an intention to communicate
• Sender is an element of communication that includes thinks, creates, and sends a message
• Sender conveys a message by converting thoughts into symbols or observable signals such as words (Codification)
• Encoder
• Receiver analyses and interprets the message
• Receiver are decoders
• Receiver gears the signals and converts the symbols into their thoughts (Decoding, deciphering or interpretation)
• Messages are ideas or thoughts that are transmitted from sender to receiver
• Messages are derived from the interpretation of symbols
• Messages are affected by culture and experience
• Channel are ways in which a message travels between the sender and the receiver:
• Verbal communication: involves the use of spoken or written words to convey a message
• Non-verbal communication: includes body language, facial expressions, gestures, and tone of voice
• Visual communication: utilizes images, graphs, charts, and other visual aids to transmit information
• Digital communication: involves the use of electronic devices and technology to exchange messages, such as emails, text messages, and social media platforms
• Interpersonal communication: occurs face-to-face or in small groups, allowing for immediate feedback and interaction
• Mass communication: reaches a large audience through channels like television, radio, newspapers, and the internet
• Feedback refers to the message transmitted by the receiver in response to the message of the speaker
• Feedback enables the sender to make adjustments to the signals he/she sent
• Types of Communication According to Mode:

  • Verbal: the use of words to share information with other people (can be written or spoken)
  • Non-verbal: includes facial expressions, posture, eye contact, hand movements, and touch
  • Visuals: the practice of using visual elements to communicate information or ideas
• Types of Communication According to Context:

  • Intrapersonal: occurs when people communicate with themselves
  • Interpersonal: occurs between two people or a group of people
  • Intercultural: takes place between members of different cultures
  • Extended Communication: involves the use of electronic media
  • Organizational Communication: takes place among members of an organization
• Types of communication according to purpose and style:

  • Formal communication: follows a specific structure or channels
  • Informal communication: moves freely within the organization and is not bound by pre-defined channels and communication routes
• Communication models are graphic representations of the proposed elements included in the communication process
• Communication models show the relationship between these elements
• Mass Communication Theory by Denis McQuail
• Aristotle Model consists of three fundamental components: ethos, pathos, logos
• Ethos reflects the speaker's credibility or authority
• Pathos signifies the speaker's capacity to establish an emotional connection with the audience
• Logos denotes logic in its literal sense
• Shannon-Weaver's Model is also known as the "telephone model"
• It is a mathematical communication concept that suggests communication follows a linear, one-way process
• Globalization is the increasing connectedness and interdependence of the world's economies, cultures, and populations, brought about by cross-border trade in goods and services, technology, and flows of investment, people, and information
• Globalization has a long history that can be traced back to ancient times, with trade routes like the Silk Road facilitating the exchange of products, ideas, and customs across continents
• Globalization accelerated in the Age of Exploration and the Age of Revolution, reaching a new level in the Information Age with advances in computer and communication technology