CH 3 NAZISM AND RISE OF HITLER

• In November 1918, the Allies defeated Germany and the Central Powers in World War I
• At Weimar, the National Assembly established a democratic constitution with a federal structure
• Deputies in the German Parliament were elected based on equal and universal votes cast by all adults, including women
• Germany lost its overseas colonies and was held responsible for the war and damages by the War Guilt Clause
• The Weimar Republic faced financial difficulties due to the war and had to pay compensation
• The Weimar Republic faced political radicalism and economic crises, including the Spartacist League uprising and the economic crisis of 1923
• The Great Depression started in 1929, leading to high unemployment rates and economic instability
• Hitler rose to power in Germany, promising to build a strong nation, undo the injustice of the Versailles Treaty, and restore the dignity of the German people
• President Hindenburg offered Hitler the Chancellorship in 1933, leading to the establishment of a dictatorship in Germany
• Nazis implemented their ideology of racial hierarchy, leading to the establishment of a racial state and the persecution of Jews
• Youth in Nazi Germany were indoctrinated with Nazi values, including loyalty to Hitler and hatred towards Jews and other groups
• Women in Nazi Germany were expected to maintain the purity of the race, rear Aryan children, and follow strict guidelines for motherhood
• Nazis used propaganda extensively to spread their ideas, including visual images, films, radio, posters, slogans, and leaflets
• Ordinary Germans supported Nazism, believing it would bring prosperity and improve well-being, while some individuals protested against the crimes committed by the Nazis
• After the war, the Jews wanted the world to remember the atrocities and sufferings they endured during the Holocaust