Cards (50)

  • Cell Division: process by which cells reproduce.
  • Chromosomes: cell parts that determine what traits a living thing will have.
  • Chromatid: one strand of DNA; after replication, a chromosome is made up of two identical chromatids.
  • Daughter Cells: new cells produced by cell division.
  • Cytokinesis: a division of the cytoplasm of one parent cell into two daughter cells.
  • Mitosis is asexual reproduction for eukaryotic cells only.
  • Mitosis creates identical daughter cells.
  • Mitosis is great for growth and repair.
  • Diploid: cells have two copies of each chromosome. (one from mom, and one from dad).
  • All body cells are somatic/diploid.
  • Homologous: chromosomes within the same genes, one originally from each of the organisms parents.
  • Genes: determine traits.
  • Codes are based on the same thing. e.g. eyes & hair.
  • A cell contains 4 chromosomes, two from mom and two from dad.
  • Interphase step that contains 4 chromosomes and 8 chromatids.
  • The first phase in mitosis is the prophase.
  • Prophase picture.
  • During prophase, the nuclear membrane disintegrates.
  • During prophase, centrioles form spindles.
  • During prophase, chromatins turn into chromosomes.
  • The second phase in mitosis is the metaphase.
  • In the metaphase, chromosomes line up down the middle and the spindles attach to the centromeres.
  • Metaphase picture.
  • The third stage in mitosis is anaphase.
  • During anaphase, chromosomes are pulled away to the end by the spindles.
  • During anaphase, there are 8 chromosomes and 8 chromatids.
  • Anaphase picture.
  • Telophase is the last phase of mitosis.
  • During telophase, the nuclear membrane reforms. Chromosomes start to unravel and the cell indents as it begins to divide into two daughter cells.
  • Telophase picture.
  • During cytokinesis, the cell splits into two daughter cells.
  • Cytokinesis picture.
  • At the end of mitosis, we have two daughter cells which are identical to each other and the parent cell, and a diploid.
  • Mitosis is different in plant cells because instead of the cell membrane pinching, a cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.
  • Stages of Mitosis are Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase. (PMAT).
  • During prophase, chromosomes first become visible.
  • In multicellular organisms, the cell cycle produces groups of cell which perform the same function, they are called tissues.
  • Division of the cytoplasm is called cytokinesis.
  • Cell growth occurs during interphase.
  • Nuclear division occurs in mitosis.