reproduction in animals

• the production of new organisms from existing organisms of the same species is known as reproduction.
• reproduction can be sexual or asexual
• asexual reproduction involves one parent, while sexual reproduction requires two parents.
• in asexual reproduction, offspring are genetically identical to their parent(s).
• in sexual reproduction, offspring inherit genetic material from both parents.
• asexual reproduction- without sex cells/gametes
• hydra and yeast- budding

  amoeba- binary fission

  planaria- fragmentation
• in sexual reproduction, one parent's sex cell fuses with the other parent's sex cell to generate a new cell- zygote.
• fertilisation is the process where the sperm and egg fuse together to form a zygote
• the male gamete (sperm) carries half of the chromosomes needed to make an embryo while the female gamete (egg) carries the other half.
• testes work efficiently as a temp. slightly below body temp. (32-35 degree celsius)
• duct is like a tube.
• male reproductive system consists of testes, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, cowper's glands, urethra, penis
• female reproductive system consists of ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, mammary glands
• epididymis stores sperms until ejaculation
• vas deferens transports sperm from epididymis to urethra