HISTORY OF COMPUTER: BASIC COMPUTING PERIODS

• Tally Sticks - ancient memory aid device

  -documenting quantities
• Abacus - in performing mathematical calculations invented in Babylonia in 2400 B.C
• Napier’s Bones - multiply, divide and calculate square and cube roots
• Slide Rule - based on Napier's ideas about logarithms invented by William Oughtred in 1622
• Pascaline - Blaise Pascal in 1642
• Stepped Reckoner - can add, subtract, multiply and divide

  automatically Invented by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz in 1672
• Jacquard Loom - mechanical loom, invented by Joseph-Marie Jacquard in 1881.
• Arithmometer - The first reliable, calculating machine. Thomas de Colmar in 1820.
• Difference Engine and Analytical Engine

  -by Charles Babbage in 1822 and 1834.

  -polynomial functions.

  -first mechanical computer
• Augusta Ada Byron - First Computer Programmer
• Scheutzian Calculation Engine - The first printing calculator

  -Per Georg Scheutz in 1843.
• Z1 - Konrad Zuse 1936 to 1938.
• Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC) - Professor John Atanasoff and Clifford Berry 1939 and 1942.
• John Presper Eckert and John Mauchly - ENIAC(1946) and UNIVAC1 (commercial)
• EDVAC - The First Stored Program Computer designed by Von

  Neumann in 1952.
• Osborne 1 - The First Portable Computer
• The first computer company was the

  Electronic Controls Company
• Electronic Controls Company - Founded in 1949 by John Presper Eckert and John Mauchly.
• First generation – 1946–1958
• Fourth Generation – 1971-Present
• Second generation – 1959–1964
• Third generation – 1965–1970
• When does the Fifth Generation of computing?

  today-future
• What is the first generation of computing known for?

  vacuum tubes
• What is the third generation of computing known for?

  semiconductors
• What is the fourth generation of computing known for?

  microprocessor
• What is the fifth generation of computing known for?

  AI
• premechanical ages - 3000bc - 1450ad
• mechanical ages - 1450 - 1840
• electromechanical ages - 1840 - 1940
• Electronic ages - 1940 - now
• Napier's bone - 1614
• tabulating machine - Herman Hollerith in 1890
• Harvard Mark 1 - Howard H. Aiken in 1943.
• Z1 - Konrad Zuse 1936 to 1938.