NASAL CAVITY

• What does the dorsum of the nose extend from?

  From the root to the apex
• What are the openings in the inferior surface of the nose called?

  Naress
• What is the immovable part of the nose?

  The bridge of the nose
• What is the function of the cartilaginous part of the nose?

  It provides mobility and protection
• What forms the nasal septum?

  Perpendicular plate, vomer, septal cartilage
• How is the nasal septum typically positioned?

  Almost always deviated from the midline
• What can cause deviation of the nasal septum?

  Trauma
• What can severe deviation of the nasal septum lead to?

  Obstructed breathing or exacerbated snoring
• What is the basis of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity?

  The medial surface of the maxilla
• What does the large hole in the lateral wall open into?

  The maxillary sinus
• What closes off the opening of the maxillary sinus?

  Other bones and mucous membrane
• What is the floor of the nose also known as?

  The roof of the mouth
• How does the floor of the maxillary sinus compare to the nasal cavity?

  It lies at a lower level
• What forms the roof of the nose?

  The cribriform plate of the ethmoid
• What shape is the cavity of the nose?

  Pear-shaped
• How does the nose communicate with the exterior?

  Through the nostrils or anterior nares
• Where does the nasal cavity open posteriorly?

  Into the nasopharynx through the choanae
• What lines the vestibule of the nose?

  Skin with hairs (vibrissae)
• What are the two areas of the nasal mucosa?

  Respiratory area and olfactory area
• What is CSF rhinorrhea?

  Nasally discharged CSF due to injury
• What can cause CSF rhinorrhea?

  Fracture of the cribriform plate
• What happens to the olfactory nerve fibers during a cribriform plate fracture?

  They may be sliced, causing anosmia
• How many conchae project from the lateral wall?

  Three conchae
• What is the function of the conchae?

  Increasing the surface area
• What are the names of the meatuses beneath each concha?

  Superior, middle, and inferior meatuses
• What does the sphenoethmoidal recess receive?

  The opening of the sphenoidal air sinus
• What does the superior meatus receive?

  The opening of posterior ethmoidal air cells
• What does the inferior meatus receive?

  The nasolacrimal duct
• What is the bulla of the ethmoid?

  A convex bulge beneath the concha
• What does the hiatus semilunaris receive?

  The openings of the remaining paranasal sinuses
• Where does the frontal sinus open?

  Through the infundibulum into the anterior end
• Where do the anterior ethmoidal cells open?

  In the hiatus semilunaris
• Where does the maxillary sinus open?

  Near the posterior end of the hiatus
• How can infection spread from the nasal cavity?

  Through the cribriform plate to the cranial fossa
• What supplies the olfactory area?

  The olfactory nerves
• What arteries supply the nasal cavity?

  External and internal carotid arteries
• What supplies the postero-superior quadrant of the lateral wall?

  Nasal nerves from the pterygopalatine ganglion
• What supplies the postero-inferior quadrant of the lateral wall?

  Nasal branches from the greater palatine nerve
• What supplies the antero-superior quadrant of the lateral wall?

  An anterior ethmoidal nerve
• What supplies the antero-inferior quadrant of the lateral wall?

  An anterior superior alveolar nerve