biology

• Genetic engineering: changing the genetic material of an organism by removing, changing or inserting individual genes
• Penicillin: an antibiotic produced by a fungus called penicillium.

  
• DNA fingerprinting: a technique used to identify individuals based on their unique DNA patterns
• Antibiotics: drugs that kill bacteria
• Examples of genetic engineering:

  • the insertion of human genes into bacteria to produce human insulin
  • the insertion of genes into crop plants to confer resistance to herbicides
  • the insertion of genes into crop plants to confer resistance to insect pests
  • the insertion of genes into crop plants to provide additional vitamins
• An example of genetic engineering:

  • the insertion of human genes into bacteria to produce human insulin
• The nucleus is the control centre of the cell, containing DNA.
• Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll and are involved in photosynthesis.