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• Contribution of Thomas Cook:

  • First travel professional who organized a tour package
  • Known as the "Father of Modern Tourism"
  • In July 1841, organized the first package tour for England to attend a delegate meeting for 570 passengers from Leicester to Loughborough
  • Conducted tours for school children and excursionists
  • Published a book titled "Handbook of the trip to Liverpool"
• Contribution of Henry Wells of USA:

  • In 1850, founded the American Express Company through a merger
  • In 1891, launched Traveler's Cheque
  • In 1957, introduced American Express Credit Cards, a popular international card
• Types of Tour Operators:

  • Custom Designed tours
  • Pre-Packaged tours
• Custom Designed tours:

  • Tailor-made package tours designed according to the client's needs, interests, and choices
  • Mostly arranged for leisure travelers
• Pre-Packaged tours:

  • Pre-arranged, prepaid trips that combine multiple travel components like airfare, airport transfers, accommodation, and tour activities
  • Divided into Independent Tours, Hosted Tours, and Escorted Tours
• Independent Tours:

  • Clients travel alone without a group or guide
• Hosted Tours:

  • Travelers can travel independently but receive guidance, assistance, and help from a host at each destination
• Escorted Tours:

  • Participants travel together as a group and are accompanied by a professional escort who coordinates the itinerary and activities
• Types of Package Tours:

  • All-inclusive tours: Include all travel components except shopping and personal expenses
  • Partially escorted tour: Includes an escort service for some parts of the tour
• Pre-Packaged Tour Components:

  • Transportation
  • Accommodation
  • Itineraries
  • Five categories of itinerary: Pacing, Routing, Interests, Details, Energy
  • Sightseeing
  • Meals
• Types of Meal Plans:

  1. European Plan (EP)

  2. Continental Plan (CP)

  3. Modified American Plan (MAP)

  4. American Plan (AP)

  5. Bermuda Plan (BP)
• Tour operators buy travel components from different service providers, combine them into tour packages, set their own price, and sell directly to clients or through intermediaries like travel agencies
• Thomas Cook is known as the Father of Modern Tourism
• In July 1841, he organized the first package tour from Leicester to Loughborough for a delegate meeting
• He published a book titled "Handbook of the trip to Liverpool"
• Henry Wells was involved in the creation of the American Express Company in 1850 through a merger
• The merger included Henry Wells (Wells & Company), William G. Fargo (Livingston Fargo & Company), and John Warren Butterfield
• In 1891, the Traveler's Cheque was launched
• Types of Tours:

  <|>Custom Designed Tour:

  • Tailor-made package tour designed according to the client's needs, interests, and choices
  • Mostly arranged for leisure travelers
• Pre-packaged Tour:

  • A pre-arranged, prepaid trip that combines multiple travel components like airfare, transfers, accommodation, and activities
• Independent Tours:

  • Clients travel alone without a group, guide, or escort
• Hosted Tour:

  • Travelers can travel independently but receive guidance, assistance, and help from a host at each destination
• Escorted Tour:

  • Participants travel together as a group and are accompanied by a professional escort who coordinates the itinerary and activities
• Types of Package Tours:

  <|>All-inclusive tours:

  • Include all travel components except shopping and personal expenses
• Partially escorted tour:

  • Part of the package tour includes an escort service