Nature of Matter T1

• Thermal Expansion


  As energy is added, the particles move faster and start taking up more space, but doesn't change states
• Atoms


  The smallest, unique piece of a material
• Density


  Indicates how closely packed the particles are in a given material
• An atom consists of

  • Electrons and the nucleus which is made of protons and neutrons
• Amount of subatomic particles determine the element
• Thermal Contraction


  As energy is removed, particles move slower, take up less space or contract without changing states
• Diffusion


  Fluid moving through another because there are gaps between particles and other fluid particles fill those gaps and spread through them
• Protons


  Have a positive charge
• Compound


  Substance with more than one type of particles
• How many known elements are there: 118
• Molecule

  Atoms connected together
• The amount of protons and electrons are equal
• Atomic Mass


  The sum of protons and neutrons
• Atomic Number


  The amount of protons/electrons in an atom
• Electrons

  Have a negative charge
• Element

  A material that is made up of a single type of atom
• Neutrons

  Have no charge
• Mixture

  2 or more substances that aren't chemically joined and can be physically separated
• How many naturally occurring elements are there: 92
• Non-metals on the periodic table


  On the right
• Example of energy


  • Heat or electricity
• Malleable


  Bent into shape
• Compounds are made of

  Elements
• Element


  Substance made of a single type of particle
• Metals on the periodic table

  On the left
• Conductive

  Energy passes through easily
• Diatomic particles


  Molecules that contain two atoms joined together
• Lustrous

  Shiny, can polish
• Example of a compound


  • Water
• Ductile


  When stretched becomes thinner or doesn't break easily
• All metals are elements
• Oxygen is a molecule, element
• If there is a number next to a chemical symbol, it is made of molecules
• Water is a molecule, compound
• Iron is an atom, element
• Example of a diatomic particle

  • Oxygen
• Gases and liquids are fluids
• what element is not a solid at room temp?

  mercury
• the nucleus is made of neutrons and protons
• an atom is made of the nucleus and electrons