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GCSEs
physics
Energy cannot be created or destroyed
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Cards (15)
What is energy defined as?
The ability to do
work
In what unit is energy measured?
Joules
(J)
What are the main forms of energy?
Kinetic: Energy of motion
Potential: Stored energy due to position
Thermal: Energy of heat
Chemical: Energy stored in chemical bonds
Electrical: Energy due to electric charge
Nuclear: Energy within atomic nuclei
What does the principle of conservation of energy state?
Energy cannot be
created
or
destroyed
What remains constant in a closed system according to the conservation of energy?
The total energy remains constant
How can energy be transferred according to the conservation of energy?
From one form to another
What is an analogy for the conservation of energy?
Like a bank account
Money can be moved or changed
Overall balance stays the same
What is the equation for total mechanical energy?
E
=
E =
E
=
K
E
+
KE +
K
E
+
P
E
PE
PE
What is the formula for kinetic energy?
K
E
=
KE =
K
E
=
1
2
m
v
2
\frac{1}{2}mv^{2}
2
1
m
v
2
What is the formula for potential energy?
P
E
=
PE =
PE
=
m
g
h
mgh
m
g
h
What does the equation
E
i
n
i
t
i
a
l
=
E_{initial} =
E
ini
t
ia
l
=
E
f
i
n
a
l
+
E_{final} +
E
f
ina
l
+
E
l
o
s
t
E_{lost}
E
l
os
t
represent?
The
conservation of energy principle
What happens to potential energy when a ball is dropped?
It is converted to
kinetic energy
What are the steps to solve problems using conservation of energy?
Identify
initial
and
final
forms of energy
Write the
energy conservation equation
Substitute known values and solve for the unknown
If a 2 kg ball is dropped from a height of 5 meters, what is its initial potential energy?
98
J
98 \text{ J}
98
J
How does energy conservation apply to a roller coaster?
Potential energy
at the top
Kinetic energy
as it descends
Total energy remains
constant