Menstrual Cycle

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Ritsu

Cards (28)

  • A typical cycle lasts between 24 and 38 days.
  • The menstrual cycle is a series of natural changes in hormone production and the structures of the uterus and ovaries of the female reproductive system that makes pregnancy possible.
  • Its involves four phases follicular, ovulation, luteal, and menstrual.
  • Menstruation collapsing/ shedding of uterus
  • Menstruation Low level of estrogen and progesterone
  • Endometrium can no longer be maintained; it sloughed away and eliminated
  • If no fertilization occurs the corpus luteum degenerates and a surge of FSH
  • If fertilization occurs, developing embryo will implant in the endometrium and releases hormones to sustain the corpus luteum
  • Menstrual Phase (Day 1-5) Fsh and LH degenerates in the endrometrium causing menstruation
  • Follicular Phase (Day 6-13)
  • Follicular Phase Development of ovarian follicle
  • Follicular Phase FSH is secreted from the anterior pituitary and stimulates growth of ovarian follicle
  • Follicular Phase Dominant follicle produces estrogen which inhibits FSH secretion to prevent other follicles growing and acts on the uterus to stimulate thickening of the endometrium layer
  • Fsh stimulates growth follicles inside the ovaries which produces estrogen. It inhibits the fsh and thickens the endometrium
  • Ovulation Phase (day 14)
  • Ovulation Phase Follicle ruptures and egg is released
  • Ovulation Phase Midway through the cycle, estrogen stimulates the anterior pituitary to secrete hormones which results in a surge of LH and a lesser surge of FSH
  • Ovulation Phase It causes the dominant follicle to rupture and release an egg (ovum)
  • Luteal Phase (Day 15-28)
  • Luteal Phase Formation and degeneration of corpus luteum
  • Luteal Phase Corpus luteum will release high levels of progesterone, as well lower levels of estrogen
  • Luteal Phase The ruptured follicle develops into a slowly degenerating corpus luteum
  • One primary follicle that contains one ovum matures under the influence of hormones from the glands and ovary (Follicular phase).
  • As the follicle matures, it secretes hormones that prepare the endometrium making it thicker and well-supplied with blood vessels.
  • The mature ovum released from a mature follicle. (Ovulation phase)
  • As it moves along from the ovary to the uterus, it may or may not meet a sperm. If there is none, it will not be fertilized (Luteal phase).
  • The future embryo will not be implanted in the endometrium; thus, the lining will shed and degenerates and this accompanied by bleeding (Menstrual phase).
  • The blood and the cells that lined the uterus flow out the vagina as menstrual flow. After menstruation, the cycle begins again.