3.3 Civil War and Lenin's Rule

• What was the duration of the Russian Civil War?

  1917-1922
• The Russian Civil War was fought between the Bolsheviks and their opponents, known as the Whites
• The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk in 1918 led to Bolshevik control over all Russian territories.

  False
• Chronological order of the causes of the Russian Civil War

  1️⃣ Political Instability after the October Revolution

  2️⃣ Signing of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

  3️⃣ Ideological Differences between Bolsheviks and Whites

  4️⃣ Foreign Intervention supporting the Whites

  5️⃣ Economic Hardship worsening living conditions
• Who were the key leaders of the Bolsheviks during the Civil War?

  $Vladimir Lenin$ and $Leon Trotsky$
• The Whites during the Civil War aimed to restore the Tsarist regime
• Which treaty in 1918 resulted in significant land concessions by the Bolsheviks?

  Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
• The Whites were a united political faction with a clear leadership structure.

  False
• Chronological order of key events in the Russian Civil War

  1️⃣ October Revolution

  2️⃣ Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

  3️⃣ Establishment of the Cheka

  4️⃣ Formation of the Red Army

  5️⃣ Foreign Intervention

  6️⃣ Defeat of the Whites
• Who led the formation of the Red Army?

  $Leon Trotsky$
• The Red Army's victory in the Civil War led to the consolidation of Bolshevik power
• Which countries intervened in the Russian Civil War to support the Whites?

  United States, Britain, France
• The Allied intervention in the Civil War strengthened anti-Bolshevik sentiments in Russia.

  False
• What was the primary timeframe of the Russian Civil War?

  1917-1922
• The Bolsheviks' seizure of power led to widespread political instability
• The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Germany angered Russian nationalists.
• What was one of the key ideological differences between the Bolsheviks and the Whites?

  Clashing political views
• Allied support for the Whites prolonged the Russian Civil War by foreign intervention
• Arrange the factors that triggered the Russian Civil War in a logical order based on their immediate impact.

  1️⃣ Political Instability

  2️⃣ Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

  3️⃣ Ideological Differences

  4️⃣ Foreign Intervention

  5️⃣ Economic Hardship
• Who were the two main factions involved in the Russian Civil War?

  Bolsheviks and Whites
• Vladimir Lenin and Leon Trotsky were key leaders of the Bolsheviks.
• Lenin's Marxist ideology united the Bolsheviks under a shared goal of establishing a communist state.
• Which leaders of the Whites aimed to restore the Tsarist regime during the Russian Civil War?

  Anton Denikin and Alexander Kolchak
• Match the factions in the Russian Civil War with their goals:

  Bolsheviks ↔️ Establish communist government

  Whites ↔️ Restore the Tsarist regime
• What event triggered the Russian Civil War on October 25, 1917?

  October Revolution
• The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk in 1918 led to the Bolsheviks withdrawing from World War I.
• Who led the formation of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War?

  Leon Trotsky
• The Allied powers intervened in the Russian Civil War between 1918 and 1920.
• In what years did the Red Army defeat the Whites, consolidating Bolshevik power?

  1920-1922
• The Allied powers provided troops to the White Army during the Russian Civil War.
• Why did the foreign intervention ultimately fail during the Russian Civil War?

  Lack of unity and coordination
• Lenin's leadership was crucial in guiding the Bolsheviks to victory in the Russian Civil War due to his centralized control.
• What famous quote by Lenin captured the desires of the Russian people and fueled Bolshevik support?

  "Peace, Land, Bread!"
• War Communism policies helped the Bolsheviks win the Civil War but led to severe economic hardships.
• What policy replaced War Communism in 1921 to stabilize the Russian economy?

  New Economic Policy (NEP)
• The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was formed in 1922 under Lenin's leadership.
• What marked the end of the Russian Civil War?

  Lenin's leadership
• The NEP allowed peasants to sell surplus grain
• The Bolshevik party maintained control through a one-party system.
• What did Lenin call the NEP in his quote?

  A temporary retreat to capitalism