8.6 Thermal Pollution

• What is thermal pollution?

  Heated water discharge
• Hot thermal pollution reduces oxygen solubility in water.
• Hot thermal pollution reduces oxygen solubility and alters species distribution.
• How does cold thermal pollution affect aquatic organisms?

  Slows metabolic rates
• Order the main sources of thermal pollution based on their primary contribution to temperature change.

  1️⃣ Industrial Discharge

  2️⃣ Power Plants

  3️⃣ Urban Runoff

  4️⃣ Deforestation
• Match each source of thermal pollution with its specific impact on water bodies.

  Industrial Discharge ↔️ Disrupts ecosystems, harms aquatic life

  Power Plants ↔️ Reduces oxygen levels, causes thermal shock

  Urban Runoff ↔️ Increases water temperature, contaminates water

  Deforestation ↔️ Raises water temperature, alters habitats
• What is the primary effect of reduced oxygen levels due to thermal pollution?

  Hypoxia
• Oxygen solubility decreases as water temperature increases.
• Oxygen solubility decreases as water temperature increases
• How does thermal pollution affect metabolic rates and reproduction of aquatic organisms?

  Disrupts enzyme activity
• What are the main industrial processes that contribute to thermal pollution?

  Power plants
• Match each source of thermal pollution with its specific contribution to water temperature change.

  Industrial Discharge ↔️ Heated or cooled water

  Power Plants ↔️ Warm water

  Urban Runoff ↔️ Heated water from surfaces

  Deforestation ↔️ Increased solar radiation
• Industrial discharge releases heated or cooled water, disrupting ecosystems and harming aquatic life.
• Power plants use water for cooling and discharge warm water, reducing oxygen levels.
• How does deforestation contribute to thermal pollution?

  Increases solar radiation
• What is one major source of thermal pollution listed in the study material?

  Urban Runoff
• One main source of thermal pollution is Industrial Discharge.
• Order the main sources of thermal pollution from most common to least common according to the study material.

  1️⃣ Industrial Discharge

  2️⃣ Power Plants

  3️⃣ Urban Runoff

  4️⃣ Deforestation
• Industrial discharge can release water that is either heated or cooled.
• Power plants use water for cooling and discharge warm water, which reduces oxygen levels.
• What is the impact of industrial discharge on water bodies?

  Disrupts ecosystems
• Power plants release warm water that can cause thermal shock in aquatic life.
• Match the source of thermal pollution with its impact on water bodies:

  Power Plants ↔️ Reduces oxygen levels

  Urban Runoff ↔️ Contaminates water

  Deforestation ↔️ Alters aquatic habitats
• What happens to oxygen solubility in water as temperature increases?

  Decreases
• A power plant discharging heated water can cause native fish to migrate while invasive species like carp flourish.
• Increased soil temperature from thermal pollution can disrupt plant growth.
• Match the effect of thermal pollution on terrestrial ecosystems with its impact:

  Plant Growth ↔️ Reduced yields

  Soil Microorganisms ↔️ Altered nutrient cycling
• What is the purpose of cooling towers in mitigating thermal pollution?

  Release heat into atmosphere
• Cooling ponds are a cost-effective method to cool water naturally.
• Reforestation reduces water temperature by providing shade.
• What is the temperature reduction achieved if a cooling tower reduces discharge water temperature from 40°C to25°C?

  15°C