6.1.1 Transverse and Longitudinal Waves

• Waves transfer energy from one point to another without transferring matter
• Mechanical waves can travel through a vacuum.

  False
• Match the wave type with its properties:

  Mechanical waves ↔️ Require a medium

  Electromagnetic waves ↔️ Can travel through a vacuum

  Transverse waves ↔️ Particles move perpendicularly

  Longitudinal waves ↔️ Particles move parallel
• In transverse waves, particles move perpendicular
• What is an example of a transverse wave?

  Light wave
• Electromagnetic waves are produced by oscillating electric and magnetic fields.
• In longitudinal waves, particles move parallel
• What is an example of a longitudinal wave?

  Sound wave
• Sound waves create alternating regions of compression and rarefaction
• In longitudinal waves, particles move parallel to the direction of energy transfer.
• How do air molecules move as sound travels through air in a longitudinal wave?

  They compress and expand
• Match the property with its description in longitudinal waves:

  Particle Motion ↔️ Parallel to wave direction

  Energy Transfer ↔️ Through compression and rarefaction

  Examples ↔️ Sound waves
• Waves transfer energy without transferring matter
• In waves, matter moves from one point to another along with the energy.

  False
• What is required for mechanical waves to propagate?

  A medium
• Electromagnetic waves can travel through a vacuum
• Match the wave type with its properties:

  Mechanical ↔️ Requires a medium

  Electromagnetic ↔️ Can travel through a vacuum
• How do particles move in transverse waves?

  Perpendicular to energy transfer
• Light waves are examples of transverse
• In transverse waves, particles vibrate up and down or side to side as the wave propagates.
• What are the regions formed in longitudinal waves called?

  Compressions and rarefactions
• Transverse waves have particle motion perpendicular to the wave direction, while longitudinal waves have particle motion parallel
• Arrange the wave types based on their particle motion relative to energy transfer:

  1️⃣ Transverse: Perpendicular

  2️⃣ Longitudinal: Parallel
• What is the medium through which light waves propagate?

  Vacuum
• In sound waves, air molecules are compressed and rarefied, creating regions of high and low density