7.4 Darwinism, Social Darwinism

• What is a central belief of Social Darwinism?

  Group superiority
• Social Darwinism was used to justify social inequalities and discriminatory practices
• Darwinism focuses on biological evolution, while Social Darwinism focuses on human society.
• Social Darwinism suggests certain groups are inherently superior and more fit to survive
• Social Darwinism is based on the scientific theory of evolution by natural selection.

  False
• Match the principles with the corresponding theory:

  Adaptation ↔️ Darwinism

  Superiority ↔️ Social Darwinism
• What is Social Darwinism used to justify in society?

  Social inequalities and discrimination
• Steps in the emergence of Social Darwinism

  1️⃣ Darwinism is developed

  2️⃣ Darwinian principles are misapplied to society

  3️⃣ Herbert Spencer coins "survival of the fittest"

  4️⃣ Social Darwinism is used to justify inequalities
• Herbert Spencer is credited with coining the phrase "survival of the fittest".
• Social Darwinism correctly applies Darwinian principles to human societies.

  False
• Match the key concepts with their descriptions:

  Darwinism ↔️ Scientific theory of evolution

  Social Darwinism ↔️ Misapplication of Darwinian principles
• Social Darwinism is the misapplication of Darwinian principles to justify social inequalities
• What phrase did Herbert Spencer coin that is associated with Social Darwinism?

  "Survival of the fittest"
• Who coined the phrase "survival of the fittest"?

  Herbert Spencer
• Herbert Spencer's ideas were used to justify social inequalities.
• Darwinism is the scientific theory of evolution through natural selection
• What is Social Darwinism often used to justify?

  Social inequalities
• Arrange the following concepts in order from general to specific related to Herbert Spencer's work

  1️⃣ Darwinism

  2️⃣ Social Darwinism

  3️⃣ "Survival of the fittest"
• Herbert Spencer's ideas were used to support the notion that certain groups are inherently superior.
• What is the primary focus of Darwinism?

  Biological evolution
• Social Darwinism was used to justify colonialism
• What is Darwinism defined as?

  Charles Darwin's theory of evolution
• Darwinism explains how species change over time through natural selection.
• Darwin's work revolutionized scientific understanding of biology.
• What is a key example of Darwinism in action?

  Finches with stronger beaks
• Darwin's book outlining his theory of evolution is titled "On the Origin of Species."
• Genetic variation is a fundamental concept in Darwin's theory.
• Steps in Charles Darwin's theory of evolution

  1️⃣ Genetic Variation

  2️⃣ Environmental Pressure

  3️⃣ Survival and Reproduction

  4️⃣ Inheritance

  5️⃣ Adaptation
• What is the primary mechanism driving natural selection?

  Survival and reproduction
• "Survival of the fittest" means that organisms best adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.
• Darwinism emphasizes that all traits are equally beneficial in every environment.

  False
• What is the role of genetic variation in evolution?

  Provides differences in traits
• Steps in Charles Darwin's theory of evolution

  1️⃣ Genetic Variation

  2️⃣ Environmental Pressure

  3️⃣ Survival and Reproduction

  4️⃣ Inheritance

  5️⃣ Adaptation
• What trait allowed finches on the Galapagos Islands to survive during droughts?

  Stronger beaks
• Natural selection operates by favoring individuals with traits that enhance their survival and reproduction.
• "Survival of the fittest" always refers to the strongest organisms in a population.

  False
• What is the core principle of Darwinism?

  Natural selection
• Social Darwinism misapplies Darwinian principles to justify social inequalities.
• Match the concept with its definition:

  Darwinism ↔️ Evolution through natural selection

  Social Darwinism ↔️ Justification of social inequalities
• What is natural selection?

  Process favoring beneficial traits