9.4.1 Threats

• What does network security protect in computer networks?

  Integrity, confidentiality, accessibility
• Preventing unauthorized access is a key goal of network security.
• Data breaches can result in financial losses and reputational damage
• Match the network threat with its description:

  Malware ↔️ Malicious software that can damage systems

  Phishing ↔️ Fraudulent emails to trick users

  DDoS ↔️ Overwhelming a network with traffic

  Unauthorized access ↔️ Gaining entry without permission
• Malware is malicious software designed to harm or disable computer systems
• A DDoS attack overwhelms a network with traffic to disrupt services.
• What is the primary prevention measure against malware?

  Use antivirus software
• Protecting against cyber attacks is a key goal of network security.
• Email filters are used to prevent phishing attacks.
• Match the network threat with its prevention measure:

  Malware ↔️ Antivirus software

  Phishing ↔️ Email filters

  DDoS ↔️ Intrusion detection systems

  Unauthorized access ↔️ Multi-factor authentication
• What is the purpose of malware?

  Harm or disable systems
• Worms propagate across networks, causing system overload
• What is ransomware designed to do?

  Encrypt user's data
• Phishing attacks use social engineering to trick users.
• Steps in a phishing attack

  1️⃣ Send a fraudulent email

  2️⃣ User clicks a malicious link

  3️⃣ User reveals sensitive information

  4️⃣ Information is used for malicious purposes
• What is email phishing?

  Fake emails from legitimate sources
• Spear phishing is a targeted phishing attack on specific individuals
• Smishing is a phishing attack conducted via SMS or text messages.
• What is the main characteristic of spear phishing?

  Targeted on specific individuals
• Match the phishing method with its prevention measure:

  Email Phishing ↔️ Educate users

  Spear Phishing ↔️ Verify sender information

  Smishing ↔️ Be cautious with links in texts
• What is email phishing?

  Fake emails that appear legitimate
• Spear phishing is targeted phishing on specific individuals
• How does smishing occur?

  Phishing via SMS or text messages
• Phishing uses social engineering to trick users into revealing sensitive information.
• Common methods of phishing attacks

  1️⃣ Email phishing

  2️⃣ Spear phishing

  3️⃣ Smishing
• Spear phishing prevention measures include verifying sender information and using multi-factor authentication
• What is an example of a phishing email scenario?

  A bank email asking to verify account details
• Match the phishing method with its prevention measure:

  Email Phishing ↔️ Educate users

  Spear Phishing ↔️ Verify sender information

  Smishing ↔️ Be cautious with links
• What are three common network threats alongside phishing?

  Malware, DDoS, unauthorized access
• Network security aims to protect the integrity, confidentiality, and accessibility of computer networks.
• One importance of network security is preventing unauthorized access
• What types of cyber attacks does network security protect against?

  Malware, phishing, DDoS
• Reasons why network security is important

  1️⃣ Prevent unauthorized access

  2️⃣ Protect against cyber attacks

  3️⃣ Minimize data breach risks

  4️⃣ Ensure business continuity
• What is malware?

  Malicious software to harm systems
• Malware prevention measures include using antivirus software, firewalls, and regular system updates
• Phishing involves fraudulent emails or websites that trick users into revealing personal information.
• What does a DDoS attack aim to achieve?

  Disrupt services with excessive traffic
• Match the malware type with its description:

  Virus ↔️ Attaches to files, replicates when executed

  Worm ↔️ Self-replicating programs across networks

  Trojan ↔️ Disguises as legitimate software

  Ransomware ↔️ Encrypts data, demands payment
• What is an example of a spear phishing scenario?

  Personalized emails targeting specific groups
• DoS attacks involve a single attacker, while DDoS attacks use multiple coordinated attackers