1.1.2 Operators

• What are operators in programming?

  Symbols that perform operations
• Operators are symbols that perform specific operations on one or more values, known as operands
• Operators are essential for manipulating data and performing calculations in programming.
• Match the operator type with its function:

  Assignment ↔️ Assigns a value to a variable

  Arithmetic ↔️ Performs mathematical operations

  Comparison ↔️ Compares two values

  Logical ↔️ Combines or negates boolean values
• Give an example of an assignment operator in programming.

  $x =$$5$
• Arithmetic operators perform mathematical operations such as addition, subtraction, and multiplication
• Arithmetic operators can perform exponentiation using the $*$$*$ symbol.
• What is the function of a comparison operator?

  Compares two values
• The modulus operator $$ returns the remainder
• What is the result of $4 *$$*$$3$?


  $64$
• What are operators in programming used for?

  Manipulating data
• Operators are symbols that perform specific operations on operands to produce a result
• What is the function of the assignment operator?

  Assigns a value
• Arithmetic operators include addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, modulus, and exponentiation.
• Which arithmetic operator returns the remainder of a division?

  $$
• The comparison operator $>$ means greater
• What is the result of True && False using the AND operator?

  False
• The OR operator returns True if at least one operand is True.
• What does the += operator do?

  Add and assign
• Operators are symbols that perform specific operations on operands to produce a result
• Which arithmetic operator adds two values together?

  $+$
• Comparison operators return a boolean result (True or False).
• What does the $<$ comparison operator check?


  Less than
• The NOT operator negates a boolean value, changing True to False
• What does the $! =$ comparison operator mean?


  Not equal to
• Comparison operators are used to create conditional statements
• What is the result of True && False using the AND logical operator?


  False
• The OR logical operator returns True if at least one operand is True.
• The NOT logical operator negates the value of a boolean, so $!True$ results in False
• What does the $=$ assignment operator do?


  Assign a value
• What does the $+$$=$ assignment operator do?


  Add and assign
• The $- =$ assignment operator subtracts a value and assigns the result to the variable, for example, x - = 2</latex> decrements $x$ by 2
• What is the result of 5 & 3 using the bitwise AND operator?


  1
• The bitwise XOR operator ^ returns True only if the bits are different.
• What is the result of $5 < < 1$ using the left shift operator?


  10
• The right shift operator $> >$ moves bits to the right
• What does operator precedence determine in an expression?

  Order of evaluation
• Match the operator with its precedence and associativity:

  $*$$*$ ↔️ High, Right-to-left

  $*$, $/$ ↔️ Medium, Left-to-right

  $+$, $-$ ↔️ Low, Left-to-right
• In the expression $2 +$$3 *$$4$, multiplication is performed before addition due to operator precedence.
• What is the result of $20$ using the modulo operator?


  6