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science
chemistry paper 2
the earths atmosphere
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Created by
hollie maklowicz
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Cards (30)
What was the biggest component of the atmosphere 4.6 - 2.7 billion years ago?
Carbon dioxide
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What gas was very little present in the atmosphere 4.6 - 2.7 billion years ago?
Oxygen
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What gas was released by volcanoes along with carbon dioxide?
Nitrogen
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Why did water vapour exist as vapour 4.6 - 2.7 billion years ago?
Earth was too hot for it to
condense
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What other gases were present in the atmosphere 4.6 - 2.7 billion years ago?
Ammonia
and methane
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Why is there very little evidence of the atmosphere from 4.6 - 2.7 billion years ago?
It was
billions
of years ago
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What happened to carbon dioxide levels from 2.4 billion to 200 million years ago?
They began to
reduce
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Why did oxygen levels begin to increase during 2.4 billion to 200 million years ago?
Due to
photosynthesis
by algae
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What stable molecule continued to increase during 2.4 billion to 200 million years ago?
Nitrogen
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What caused water vapour to decrease during 2.4 billion to 200 million years ago?
The Earth cooled and vapour
condensed
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What is the current percentage of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?
0.04%
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What is the current percentage of oxygen in the atmosphere?
20%
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What is the current state of water vapour in the atmosphere?
Very little
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What do greenhouse gases do?
They absorb
radiation
and maintain temperatures
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What has caused an increase in greenhouse gases in the last 150 years?
Human activity
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What human activity contributes to carbon dioxide emissions?
Combustion
of
fossil fuels
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What human activity contributes to methane emissions?
Cattle farming
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What evidence have scientists gathered regarding greenhouse gases?
It increases
Earth's
overall
temperature
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Why is it difficult to make predictions about the atmosphere?
It is
large
and complex
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What does global climate change refer to?
Changes in
weather patterns
over years
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What are the effects of climate change?
Sea levels
rising
Extreme weather events
Changes in
rainfall patterns
Changes to
ecosystems
and habitats
Melting
polar ice caps
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What is a carbon footprint?
The total
greenhouse gases
released by a process
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What pollutant is produced from incomplete combustion of fuels?
Carbon monoxide
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What are the characteristics of carbon monoxide?
Colourless
and
odourless
gas
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What pollutant is associated with diesel engines?
Particulate
(soot and unburnt
hydrocarbons
)
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What are the effects of particulate pollutants?
Global dimming
and
respiratory problems
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What causes sulfur dioxide pollution?
Sulfur
impurities
in fuel reacting with
oxygen
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What are the effects of sulfur dioxide?
Acid rain
and
respiratory problems
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What causes oxides of nitrogen pollution?
Nitrogen
from air reacting with oxygen near
engines
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What are the effects of oxides of nitrogen?
Acid rain
and
respiratory problems
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