Cell Types

• Cell


  The basic unit of all living things.
• Prokaryotic Cell


  Simple cell that does not have a nucleus. Organisms made of this type of cell can only be single (one) celled.

  
• Eukaryotic Cell


  Complex cell that contains many organelle. These cells can specialize and be part of a multi-celled organism.

  
• Plant cell


  A eukaryotic cell that has a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large vacuole.

  
• Animal Cell


  A eukaryotic cell that does not have a cell wall or chloroplasts.

  
• Cell Wall


  The outermost part of the plant cell wall. The cell wall gives the plant cell structure. Prokaryotes have a different type of cell wall.

  
• Chloroplast


  Organelle in a plant cell that contains chlorophyll. Plants can make their own food using chlorophyll.

  
• Unicellular organism


  Living things that are made of one cell.
• Multi-celled organism


  Living things that are made of more than one cell (many cells)
• Nucleus


  The control center of the cell

  
• Ribosome


  Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Ribosomes are the organelle in which proteins are made.
• Cytoplasm


  Cytoplasm is the fluid that fills the cell. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have cytoplasm.
• DNA


  Genetic material that contains the code for what a cell will do. Eukaryotes have double helix (twisted ladder) DNA. Prokaryotes have DNA that looks like a plate of noodles.
• Prokaryotic Cell


  cell lacking a nucleus and most other organelles
• Prokaryotic Cells do not have a...

  nucleus
• Their genetic material is stored in....

  a Single DNA Loop in the cytoplasm
• Prokaryotic Cells do not have either......

  Mitochondria or Chloroplast
• Some prokaryotic cells contain small rings of DNA called...

  Plasmids
• Plasmids


  can be replicated and move between cells so genetic information can be shared
• Cell Wall


  Stiff structure that surrounds the cell membrane and gives the cell shape - PLANT CELLS ONLY

  
• cell membrane


  Controls what materials go into and out of the cell.

  
• Nucleus


  Controls all cell activities and protein production. Contains the DNA and nucleolus.

  
• Cytoplasm


  A jellylike substance that fills most of the cell.

  
• Vacuole


  Stores food and water as well as waste until it can be moved out.

  
• Chloroplast


  Gives plants their green color and helps make food. PLANT CELLS ONLY

  
• Mitochondria


  Powerhouse of the cell, Breaks down material and releases energy to the cell.

  
• Vacuole


  Cell organelle that stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates

  
• Mitochondria


  Powerhouse of the cell

  
• Nucleus


  Control center of the cell, brain of cell

  
• Capsule


  A

  
• Cell Membrane


  C

  
• DNA/Chromosome


  D

  
• Flagella


  E

  
• Capsule


  A sticky layer that surrounds the cell walls of some bacteria, protecting the cell surface and sometimes helping to glue the cell to surfaces.
• Cell Wall


  A rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms like bacteria.
• Cell Membrane


  Innermost cell layer that controls which substances can enter or leave the cell.
• Cytoplasm


  A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the cell structures are suspended
• Plasmids


  Small rings of DNA found naturally in some bacterial cells in addition to the main bacterial chromosome. Can contain genes for antibiotic resistance, or other "contingency" functions.
• Ribosomes


  Site of protein synthesis
• Flagella


  A long, whip-like filament that helps in cell movement. Many bacteria have flagella.