Organic Chemistry

• He developed the “Vital Force Theory” stating that organic compounds ONLY originate from _____

  Living things
• “Vital Force Theory”


  Jons Jacob Berzelius
• Organic chemistry is a branch of chemistry that deals with compounds that contain ____

  Carbon
• He disproved the “Vital Force Theory” when he discovered that urea, which is a component of urine could be synthesized simply by heating ammonium cyanate, an inorganic compound.


  Friedrich Wohler
• ammonium cyanate

  ammonia + cyanic acid
• King of all elements

  Carbon
• All compounds are organic if there is a carbon element, except:

  Carbon dioxide

  Carbon monoxide

  Carbonate

  Bicarbonate
• CCl4

  carbon tetrachloride

  tetrachloromethane
• CHCl3 


  chloroform

  trichloromethane
• Outer most energy level of an atom

  Valence
• There must be 8 valence electrons in a compound

  Octet Rule
• Complete Carbon's Profile

  King of all elements

  A) 6th

  B) 12

  C) 6

  D) 1s2 2s2 2p2

  E) 4A

  F) 4

  G) 4

  H) donate

  I) accept

  J) catenation

  K) shares

  
• Complete Nitrogen's Profile

  Most stable nitrogen has 0 valence electron

  A) 7th

  B) 14

  C) 7

  D) 1s2 2s2 2p3

  E) 5A

  F) 5

  G) 3

  H) 1

  
• Complete Fluorine's Profile

  Most stable fluorine contains 0 valence electron

  A) 1s2 2s2 2p5

  B) 9th

  C) 19

  D) 9

  E) 7

  F) 7

  G) 1

  H) 3

  
• Complete Oxygen's Profile

  Most stable oxygen contains 0 valence electron

  A) 8th

  B) 16

  C) 8

  D) 6

  E) 6

  F) 2

  G) 2

  H) 1s2 2s2 2p4

  
• Complete Oxygen's Profile

  Most stable oxygen contains 0 valence electron

  A) 8th

  B) 16

  C) 8

  D) 6

  E) 6

  F) 2

  G) 2

  H) 1s2 2s2 2p4

  
• Complete Hydrogen's Profile

  Hydrogen and Helium defies the octet rule

  A) 1st

  B) 1

  C) 1

  D) 1s1

  E) 1

  F) 1A

  G) 1

  
• What is the formula for formal charge?

  FC = valence - (bonds + dots)
• is combining _______ orbitals to make hybrid orbitals.

  Hybridization

  Atomic
• A region in space in which electrons are most likely to be found.

  Atomic Orbital
• It states that the exact position and momentum of an electron cannot be simultaneously determined.

  Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
• A combination of s and px

  Sp
• Complete the profile of these electron sublevels

  s, p, d, f sublevels

  A) sharp

  B) principal

  C) diffuse

  D) fundamental

  E) sphere

  F) 1

  G) 2

  H) 6

  I) 10

  J) 14

  K) 3

  L) 5

  M) 7

  N) dumb bell

  O) four leaf clover

  P) complex

  
• Sigma bond is the ___ bond to form

  1st
• Sigma bond:

  _____ and ____ bond

  strong and long
• Sigma bonds form when orbitals are ___

  hybridized
• The bond after sigma bond

  Pi bond
• Pi bonds are easy to break off since they are:

  ____ and ____ bonds

  weak and short
• Pi bonds form when orbitals are ___

  unhybridized
• How many is the steric number of sp3?

  4
• How many is the steric number of sp2?

  3
• How many is the steric number of sp?

  2
• What is the molecular geometry for ammonia?

  Trigonal pyramidal
• What is the molecular geometry for formaldehyde?

  Trigonal planar
• What is the molecular geometry for water?

  Bent
• What is the molecular geometry for Hydrogen cyanide?

  Linear
• Complete the profile of the following bond angles:

  Sp3, Sp2, Sp

  A) no lone pair

  B) 1 lone pair

  C) 2 lone pairs

  D) 1 lone pair

  E) no lone pair

  F) 2 bonds

  
• What is this type of structural formula?

  Kekule

  
• What is this type of structural formula?

  Condensed

  
• What is this type of structural formula?

  3D

  A) line

  B) wedge

  C) dash