9.2.3 Graphical Representation of Data

• What are the four main types of data in psychology?

  Nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio
• Nominal data uses categories that are mutually exclusive with no inherent order
• Ordinal data has equal intervals between categories.

  False
• Which data type has a true zero point?

  Ratio
• Histograms are used to show the frequency distribution of continuous
• Pie charts are suitable for displaying ordinal data.

  False
• What type of graph is best for nominal data?

  Bar chart or pie chart
• Bar charts are suitable for ordinal data because they show ranked categories
• For what type of data are histograms most commonly used?

  Interval and ratio
• Steps to construct a graph accurately

  1️⃣ Label both axes with descriptive titles and units

  2️⃣ Provide a concise title summarizing the graph's purpose

  3️⃣ Choose appropriate scales to cover all data points
• A concise title in a graph should summarize the graph's purpose
• A well-labeled graph enhances understanding and clarity.
• What type of graph is best for comparing nominal data?

  Bar chart or pie chart
• Categories with a logical order but unequal intervals are characteristic of ordinal
• Ratio data has a true zero point.
• Ordered data with equal intervals but no true zero point is classified as interval
• Match the data type with the suitable graph:

  Nominal ↔️ Bar Chart || Pie Chart

  Ordinal ↔️ Bar Chart

  Interval/Ratio ↔️ Histogram || Line Graph || Scatter Plot
• What type of graph is suitable for comparing categories with no inherent order?

  Bar Chart || Pie Chart
• Histograms are suitable for showing relationships between variables.

  False
• To compare students preferring online vs. in-person classes, a bar chart would be ideal.
• Steps to construct a graph accurately:

  1️⃣ Label axes with descriptive titles and units

  2️⃣ Add a concise title summarizing the graph's purpose

  3️⃣ Use appropriate intervals for scaling
• What should be included on the axes of a graph to enhance clarity?

  Descriptive titles and units
• A graph's title should provide a concise summary of its purpose
• Bar charts are best for showing trends over time.

  False
• What type of graph is ideal for tracking anxiety levels during therapy?

  Line Graph
• Pie charts are most effective for showing proportions of categories
• Clarity in a graph refers to its visual appeal.

  False
• What criterion ensures that a graph focuses on key variables?

  Relevance
• A good graph should communicate data insights in a clear, concise, and accurate manner.