7.3.1 Structure of the Heart

• What type of organ is the heart?

  Muscular organ
• The upper chambers of the heart are called the atria
• The ventricles are the lower chambers of the heart and pump blood out to the body
• What is the function of the septum in the heart?

  Separates left and right sides
• The heart valves ensure blood flows in only one direction
• The atria receive blood from the body and lungs
• What is the primary function of the ventricles in the heart?

  Pump blood out
• The septum is a dividing wall
• Match the heart structure with its function:

  Atria ↔️ Receive blood

  Ventricles ↔️ Pump blood out

  Septum ↔️ Separates left and right sides

  Valves ↔️ Ensure one-way flow
• Arrange the following heart structures based on their function in blood flow:

  1️⃣ Atria receive blood

  2️⃣ Ventricles pump blood out

  3️⃣ Septum prevents mixing of blood

  4️⃣ Valves ensure one-way flow
• What are the three layers of the heart wall?

  Epicardium, myocardium, endocardium
• The myocardium is the thickest layer of the heart wall and is responsible for pumping blood
• What is the function of the endocardium in the heart?

  Lines heart chambers and valves
• The heart is divided into four chambers: the left and right atria, and the left and right ventricles
• Match the heart chamber with its function and blood type:

  Left Atrium ↔️ Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs

  Right Atrium ↔️ Receives deoxygenated blood from the body
• What are the four chambers of the heart called?

  Left and right atria, left and right ventricles
• The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs.
• What type of blood does the right atrium receive and from where?

  Deoxygenated blood from the body
• The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to the body
• Where does the right ventricle pump deoxygenated blood?

  To the lungs
• The heart wall consists of three layers: epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium.
• What are the primary components of the epicardium?

  Connective tissue, epithelial cells
• The myocardium is responsible for pumping blood
• What does the endocardium line within the heart?

  Heart chambers and valves
• Which valve is located between the right atrium and right ventricle?

  Tricuspid valve
• The mitral valve prevents backflow of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium.
• The pulmonary valve is located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery
• What does the aortic valve prevent backflow from?

  Aorta to left ventricle
• Match the major blood vessel with its function and blood type:

  Aorta ↔️ Carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body ||| Oxygenated

  Pulmonary Artery ↔️ Carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs ||| Deoxygenated

  Vena Cava ↔️ Carries deoxygenated blood from the body to the right atrium ||| Deoxygenated

  Pulmonary Veins ↔️ Carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium ||| Oxygenated
• Coronary circulation supplies the myocardium with oxygen and nutrients.
• What are the two primary coronary arteries that branch from the aorta?

  Left and right coronary arteries
• After delivering oxygen to the heart, blood is drained via coronary veins
• Which part of the heart receives blood from the upper chambers?

  Ventricles
• Match the layer of the heart wall with its function:

  Epicardium ↔️ Protects the heart, contains blood vessels

  Myocardium ↔️ Pumps blood

  Endocardium ↔️ Lines heart chambers and valves
• The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs
• The tricuspid valve prevents backflow from the right ventricle to the right atrium.
• Where is the mitral valve located in the heart?

  Between left atrium and left ventricle
• Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body?

  Aorta
• The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs
• The vena cava carries deoxygenated blood from the body to the right atrium.